Civil Rights keywords

Question 1

James Meredith’s case

Answer 1

course rejected at Mississippi
complained that they were still segregating against Brown v Topeka
allowed a place because they were still segregating

Question 2

Birmingham 1963

Answer 2

part of the sit ins throughout the south
demonstrators would be meet with high-pressure hoses and police dogs
ordered by Bull connor

Question 3

voter education project

Answer 3

funds are given to educate black people in the south

this is so they could pass the literacy test and vote

Question 4

Anniston bomb attacks

Answer 4

one of the freedom riders buses
attacked and firebombed by a mob
when they left the bus they were severely beaten

Question 5

freedom rides

Answer 5

civil rights activists rode on buses to the segregated south

they were constantly attacked

Question 6

Greensboro sit ins

Answer 6

4 African American students sat in the Walmart cafe
they were refused service so refused to leave
caused people to do the same throughout the southern states
eventually, they were given service as the companies were losing too much money

Question 7

Claudette Colvin

Answer 7

refused to give up her seat on a bus
9 months before Rosa Parks
wasn’t the right profile so wasn’t used by the NAACP

Question 8

Rosa Parks

Answer 8

refused to give up her seat on a bus
in Montgomery
one of the leaders of the Montgomery bus boycotes

Question 9

Southern manifesto

Answer 9

a document was written in March 1956 which went against the Brown v Topeka ruling
an example of southern defience

Question 10

white citizens council

Answer 10

councils formed in the south against racial intergradation in schools
many of the members were also KKK members
they would use many means such as assaulting and intimidating

Question 11

KKK

Answer 11

Ku Klux Klan a racist group
who would carry out lynchings, assaults, intimidation and feather and tarring to African Americans in the segregated southern states

Question 12

state

Answer 12

the main reason for the American civil war

the idea that each state should govern itself and make its own laws

Question 13

federal

Answer 13

the main reason for the American civil war

the idea that one government should create the laws for all the states and they should obey the capital

Question 14

president Eisenhower

Answer 14

34th president of America
passed the 1957 civil rights act
sent the 101st to solve the conflict at little rock nine

Question 15

supreme court

Answer 15

the final judgment of laws which congress wants to pass has the power to allow or deny any new laws

Question 16

NAACP

Answer 16

national association for the advancement of colored people

an organization which aims to achieve equal civil rights in America

Question 17

Thurgood Marshall

Answer 17

a white American lawyer who worked for the NAACP to achieve equal civil rights

Question 18

Linda brown

Answer 18

her father fought against the board of education(Topeka) in 1954 to get her into a white school as they were better than coloured schools

Question 19

brown v Topeka 1954

Answer 19

the ruling to overturn the Plessy v Ferguson saying separate but equal was wrong as white schools were better than black schools

Question 20

discrimination

Answer 20

where on group oppresses the other

also where members of one group are treated unfairly

Question 21

segregation

Answer 21

different ethnicities/races are kept sperate

like toilets, cinemas etc

Question 22

literacy tests

Answer 22

a test which was extremely hard and only had to be answered by blacks in the south to vote and if they are able to pass they would be intimidated into voting for certain people

Question 23

Plessy v Ferguson 1896

Answer 23

the law saying that segregation was constitutional and was fair
that separate and equal was right

Question 24

fifteenth amendment

Answer 24

the law in the USA saying no one can be stopped from voting no matter their gender, ethnicity or religion

Question 25

chief justice Warren

Answer 25

elected to be the 14th chief justice of the US supreme court in 1953 and 1 year later passed the Brown v Topeka ruling he also continued to seek reforms in justice and human rights

Question 26

Mississippi murders

Answer 26

the murders of Chaney, Goodman, and Schwerner they were activists in the freedom rides and were abducted and killed in June 1964 by the KKK

Question 27

1964 civil rights act

Answer 27

the civil rights act which ended segregation in public places and banned employment discrimination because of race, colour, religion or gender

Question 28

1965 voting rights act

Answer 28

allowed African Americans to vote more easily in the south as the literacy tests, grandfather clause and poll tax were removed also it allowed the US government to oversee voting in areas where voters were supressed

Question 29

Kerner report

Answer 29

Otto Kerner produced a report on civil rights saying that it was separate and not equal, that equality of opportunity didn’t exist and that America was moving to two society’s black and white

Question 30

Mexico Olympic protest 1968

Answer 30

Tommie Smith and John Carlos made the black power sign as the American national any=them played to show how they were American when they won the medal but when they went back they would be second class citizens

Question 31

SNCC

Answer 31

student nonviolent coordinating committee set up by college students after the sit ins

Question 32

James Farmer

Answer 32

the leader of the congress of racial equality (core) and organised the freedom rides
inspired by Gandhi’s nonviolent approach

Question 33

James Peck

Answer 33

a white civil rights activist who participated in the journey of recollection and the freedom rides
arrested more than 60 times for these actions

Question 34

Jim Zwerg

Answer 34

a white civil rights activist who took part in SNCC events and later the freedom rides and when he was leaving a bus he was severely beaten and left to die

Question 35

watts riots

Answer 35

took place in watts Los Angeles from the 11th to 16th August 1965
caused when an African American was stopped for suspicion of drunk driving
causing 34 deaths, 1032 injuries and 3,438 arrests

Question 36

black panthers

Answer 36

originally created to protect black neighborhoods from police brutality but later took up arms and was eventually destroyed by the FBI

Question 37

Stokely Carmichael

Answer 37

created black power slogan
later joined the SNCC
moved away from non-violence and moved to self defence

Question 38

Emmett Till

Answer 38

a 14-year-old boy who was kidnapped and murdered for whistling at a white woman at a shop

Question 39

Montgomery bus boycott

Answer 39

when the black community refused to go on the buses because they were segregated and eventually lead to the buses becoming desegregated because the bus companies couldn’t afford it

Question 40

little rock nine

Answer 40

when 9 African American children attend the little rock school and are denied access and Eisenhower had to send in the 101st airborne division to escort the children