Civil Rights in the 1950s Flashcards
What were the main methods used in the South to stop African Americans from voting?
- Poll tax
- Literacy tests
- Threats and violence
What are the names of the 5 states referred to as the “Deep South” in the US?
- Georgia
- Alabama
- Louisiana
- Mississippi
- South Carolina
When was Plessy v. Ferguson ruled and what legal precedent did it provide?
Ruled in 1896, and provided the legal precedent of “separate but equal”
(This legal precedent was used time and time again to promote segregation in the USA, especially when civil rights group tried to challenge discrimination through the courts)
NAACP begins to challenge segregation in education in the law courts from the year…
1940
Linda Brown’s parents apply for her to attend Summer Elementary School in what place and what year?
In 1951, they apply for her to attend Summer Elementary School in the city of Topeka, Kansas.
The NAACP helps Linda Brown’s parents to take their case of injustice to…?
The Supreme Court
When is it decided to do a retrial of Brown v. Topeka case?
December 1952
Who is the Chief Justice at the time of Brown v. Topeka?
Earl Warren
Who is the NAACP lawyer who provides evidence in Brown v. Topeka that school segregation is harming black children?
Thurgood Marshall
Who is one of the main witnesses of the Brown v. Topeka case?
Dr. Kenneth Clark - a psychologist
When and what does the Supreme Court rule about the Brown v. Topeka case?
On 17 May 1954, Supreme Court rules that school segregation is unconstitutional.
17 May 1954 is named what by racists in the South?
It is named “Black Monday” as the Supreme Court gave the ruling of Brown v. Topeka on that day.
The Brown v. Topeka ruling broke the legal precedent of…..?
Plessy v. Ferguson (“separate but equal”)
What did whites in the South set up in retaliation to the Brown v. Topeka decision and where?
White Citizens Councils were set up, with the first one being in Indianola, Mississippi.
Many WCC (White Citizens Council) members joined an extremist white group called…?
The Ku Klux Klan (KKK)
How old was Emmet Till when he was killed?
14 years old
Where was Emmet Till from and where was he killed? In which year did this happen?
He was from Chicago and had come to Money in Mississippi in 1955 to visit relatives, where he was later murdered.
When was Emmet Till’s body found from the river?
30 August 1955
Who thought of Emmet Till when she was on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama?
Rosa Parks thought of him and thus refused to give up her seat for a white man.
When did Rosa Parks ride the bus and refuse to give up her seat?
1 December 1955