Civil Rights Ch. 5 Flashcards
What Is LULAC?
League of United Latin American Citizens (1929)
What is Title IX?
Provision of the Education Amendments of the 1972 that bars educational institutions that receive federal funds from discriminating against female students
What is Title VII?
Of the Clvil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibits gender discrimination by private (and after 1972, public) employers.
Hernandez v. Texas
The Court ruled unanimously that Mexican Americans had the right to a jury that included other Mexican Americans
Cesar Chavez and Dolores de la Huerta
Organized migrant workers into the United Farm Workers Union and led them into a stroke against produce growers in California
What is MALDEF and PRLDEF?
Key Hispanic groups that secure funds to bilingual schools and litigate to promote Latino politics.
Chinese Exclusion Act 1882
Restricts the immigration of any identifiable nationality.
Affirmative Action
Policies designed to give special attention or compensatory treatment to members of previously disadvantaged groups.
Civil Rights
The Governments-Protected rights of individuals against arbitrary or discriminatory treatment by governments or individuals.
Missouri Compromise
The Compromise prohibited slavery north of the geographical boundary at 36 degrees latitude.
Thirteenth Amendment
One of the three Civil War Amendments; specifically bans slavery in the United States.
The Seneca Falls Convention in 1848
Attendees passed resolutions demanding abolition of legal, economic and social discrimination against women.
Emancipation Proclamation
All slaves in states still in active rebellion against the United States would be freed automatically on January 1, 1863.
Fourteenth Amendment
One of the three Civil War Amendments; guarantees equal protection and due process of the law to all US citizens.
Equal Protection Clause
Section of the Fourteenth Amendment that guarantees all citizens receive “equal protection of the laws”.
Fifteenth Amendment
One forge three Civil War Amendments; specifically enfranchised newly freed male slaves.
Jim Crow Laws
Laws enacted by southern states that required segregation in public schools, theaters, hotels, and other public accommodations.
Black Codes
Laws denying most legal rights to newly freed slaves; passed by southern states following the Civil War.
Civil Rights Cases 1883
Name attached to five cases brought under the Civil Rights Acts of 1875. In 1883, the Supreme Court decided that discrimination in a variety of public accommodations could not be prohibited by the act because such discrimination was private, not state, discrimination.
Poll tax
A tax levied in many southern states and localities that had to be paid before an eligible voter could cast a ballot.
Grandfather Clause
Voter qualification provision in many southern states that allowed only those citizens whose grandfathers had voted before the Reconstruction to vote unless they passed a wealth or literacy test.
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
Supreme Court case that challenged a Louisiana statute requiring that railroads provide separate accommodations for black and whites. The Court found that separate-but-equal accommodations did not violate the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
Suffrage Movement
The drive for voting rights for women that took place in the United States from 1890 to 1920.
Nineteenth Amendment
Amendment to the Constitution that guaranteed women the right to vote.
Brown v. Board of Education
US Supreme Court decision holding that school segregation is inherently unconstitutional because it violates the Fourteenth Amendment’s guarantee of equal protection.
What is SCLC?
Southern Christian Leadership Conference led by Martin Luther King Jr.
What is SNCC?
Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Wide-ranging legislation passed by Congress to outlaw segregation in public facilities and discrimination in employment, education, and voting; created the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
Equal Rights Amendment
Proposed amendment to the Constitution that states “Equality or rights under the law shall not be denied or abridge by the United States or any state on account of sex”
What is NOW?
National organization of women
Suspect Classification
Category or class, such as race, that triggers the highest standard of scrutiny from the Supreme Court.
Strict Scrutiny
A heighten standard of review used by the Supreme Court to determine the constitutional validity of a challenged practice.
What is AAPD?
American Association of People with Disabilities.
