Civil rights Flashcards
How many members did the KKK have by 1925?
8 million
When was Emmet Till killed?
1955
Which president was the first to speak out against lynching
Harding
what percentage of African Americans were living in the Northern cities by 1920?
40%
how many black residents did Chicago have in 1910 compared to 1930
1910 - 40,000 black residents
1930 - 200,000 black residents
When was the President’s Committee on Civil rights set up?
1946
when was the military desegregated
1948
when was the NAACP formed
1909
who was the separatist against integration
Marcus Garvey
When was the Montgomery Bus Boycott
1955
When was Little Rock?
1957
when did the Greensboro Sit-in’s begin and by which group?
1960 - SNCC
when were the freedom rides and by which group?
1961 - CORE
when was Birmingham?
1963
when was the March on Washington
1963
When was the Freedom Summer?
1964
when and where was SNCC created?
North Carolina, 1960
when was SCLC created and by who?
MLK, 1957
what % of Lowndes, Alabama was black in 1965 and what % of this was voting
80% black - 0% voters
when was the black panther party founded?
1966
who was the leader of the BPP?
Huey Newton
When did the BPP release its 10 Point Programme?
1967
When was MLK’s Northern Crusade of Chicago?
1966
when was MLK assassinated?
1968
when was the civil rights act?
1964
when was the voting rights act?
1965
By 1960, what % of black Americans were registered to vote?
60%
what % of black high school dropouts had criminal records by 1980
75% - highlighted the dominated gang culture of ghettos and cities, especially in LA
What Programme guaranteed Mexicans the Same wages
Bracero Programme of 1942
who fought a non-violent campaign for Hispanic farm workers rights
Cesar Chavez
who organised protests against Mexican land rights in New Mexico
Tijerina
when did the supreme court rule Hispanics as equal citizens
1954
When were the Brown Berets set up
1967
who managed Native Americans in the government
the BIA- Fed Bureau of Indian Affairs
who was the first president to go against Assimilation
Roosevelt
when did the House of Representatives pass ‘termination’ and what did this mean for Native Americans
1953, Native Americans would be free from federal control, protected under US laws but tribal land once held in trust would now be open for sale
when was the NCAI (National Congress of American Indians) founded
1944
when was AIM created, demanding ‘red power’
1968
when was the Indian Civil Rights Act and what did it do?
1968, ban tribes from restricting the rights of tribal members
when did activists including Richard Oakes occupy Alkatraz
1969-71
which president rejected termination and Assimilation, sympathizing with Native Americans?
Nixon
when was the Indian Education Act and what did it do
1972, got rid of educational sectors of the BIA, giving more control to tribes.
which settlement Act was agreed to in 1971 and how much land was transferred to Native Americans?
1971 Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act - transferred 40 million acres of land
what percentage of Black Americans lived in the South in 1917
80%
when were riots between returning soldiers and black workers in Chicago? how many died
1919 - 23 black people died and 15 whites killed
how many african americans lived in the north by 1920 in cities like Detroit and Chicago
40%
how many owned and rented their homes in 1920
6 million owned and 12 million rented
when was the first Talkie film the Jazz Singer
1927
how many speakeasies were in New York in 1929
30,000
how many black residents were in Chicago from 1910-1930
1910 - 40,000 residents
1930 - 200,000 residents
when was the first technicolour film
1939 - Wizard of Oz
in what year was there a movie theatre seat for every 12 americans?
1941
when was the Bracero Programme and what did it it entail
1942 - guaranteed Mexicans equal wages - not always enforced
when was CORE formed and who by
James Farmer 1942
in what year were there over 250 hate strikes towards black workers
1943
in what year would NAACP membership reach 450,000
1945
when was the Korean War
1950-53
when was the Vietnam War
1955-75
when and where was the first Levittown
1947 - Long Island New York
when was the Indian Termination Act and what did it do
1953 - Native Americans protected under US law but now land was no longer held in trust
when were Hispanics ruled as equal citizens by the Supreme Court
1954
when and where was the Mattachine society founded
1950 LA
When was Brown vs Board of Education
1954
how many black bus users boycotted in 1954
90%
when and what was the Indian Relocation Act
1956 - encouraged Native Americans to leave reserves and move to urban areas
how many students attempted to attend Central High School in 1957
9 Students
what did the 1957 Civil Rights Act do
criminalised attempts to interfere with voter registration - this proved unenforceable
when did Fidel Castro’s regime begin
1959
in what year did Native Americans have 10 times the average unemployment and 100 times the suicide rate than white americans
1960
when and where was SNCC founded
North Carolina in 1960
what protest did CORE and SNCC take part in 1963
Freedom Rides
when was the Cuban Missile Crisis
1962
when did Cesar Chavez found the United Farm Workers in California
1962
when was James Meredith vs Mississippi case
1962
who led the Birmingham protest
King and SCLC - Bull Connor fought back
when was the freedom summer and who led it
1964 SNCC
by the end of the freedom summer, how many black americans registered to vote ad how many successfully accepted to vote
17,000 registered
1,600 accepted to vote
when was the March on Washington for Jobs and Opportunities
1963
when was Kennedy Assassinated
1963
when and where was King’s Northern Crusade
Chicago 1964
what did the 1964 Civil Rights Act entail
Segregation outlawed and black voting rights strengthened
what and when was the Economic Opportunity Act
1964 - gave aid to poor families and set up Community Action Projects
when were the Watts Riots and how many were effected - why were they protesting???
1965 - 43 killed and 900 injured, in protest to Police Brutality
what protest did Tijerina organise in 1966
protests against land rights in New mexico - Camp- Ins in national forest land
when was Stokely Carmichael’s Black Power Speech
1966
who founded the Black Panther Party, when and where?
Huey Newton and Bobby Seale, 1966, California
when were the Detroit Riots and how many died
43 deaths, 1967
what caused the Detroit Riots
police raided an after hours African American Club ‘the Blind Pig’
when was Thurgood Marshall appointed to the Supreme Court
1967
when was the Indian Civil Rights Act founded
1968
when was Martin Luther King assassinated
4th April 1968
what did the Indian Civil Rights Act do and when was it passed
ban restrictions of rights of tribal members - 1968
what was the protest aftermath of King’s assasination
125 ghettos erupted in rage with $67 million in damage
what did the 1968 Civil Rights Act do
ban discrimination in housing
what AIM protest occurred in 1919
occupied Alcatraz with 500 protests from 50 tribes
when were the Stonewall Riots
1969
what success had the UFW won by 1970
recognition from grape growers and overall visibility for the struggle of Hispanic Farmer Workers
what did the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act do and when was it passed?
passed in 1971
transferred 40 million acres of land and 400 million dollars to Native Americans
when did AIM sit in at the BIA headquarters and where was this?
1972 - Washington DC
When was the Indian education Act and what did it do
1972 - got rid of BIA education
when was the first Gay Pride March
1970
how many marchers were at the first Gay Pride March in New York
10,000
when did the American Psychiatric Association remove homosexuality from its list of mental illnesses
1973
when did the cost of living begin to increase 8% per anum
1973
what was the Equal Opportunities Act and when was it
1974 - Hispanics given rights of limited English proficient students
how many Gay Organisations were there in America by 1974
800
what act was gave control to Native American tribes in 1975
the Self - Determination Act
when was Harvey Milk elected as Supervisor of San Francisco
1978
by 1980 what percentage of Black Americans were middle class
1/3
how many Black High School Dropouts had criminal records in 1980
75%
