civil rights Flashcards
rosa parks
refused to give up er sweet on the bus
brown v board
separate but equal is unconstitutional
de facto
de facto segregation occurs when widespread individual preferences, sometimes backed up with private pressure, lead to separation.
de jure
De jure segregation is separation enforced by law
thurgood marshall
first african american supreme court justice
coongress of racial equality
is a U.S. civil rights organization that played a pivotal role for African Americans in the Civil Rights Movement. Founded in 1942, CORE was one of the “Big Four” civil rights organizations, along with the SCLC, the SNCC, and the NAACP.
southern manifesto
was a document written in February and March 1956, in the United States Congress, in opposition to racial integration of public places.
civil rights act of 1957
primarily a voting rights bill, was the first civil rights legislation passed by Congress in the United States since the 1866 and 1875 Acts.
bull connor
served as a Commissioner of Public Safety for the city of Birmingham, Alabama, during the American Civil Rights Movement.
watts riots
took place in the Watts neighborhood of Los Angeles from August 11 to 17, 1965.
On August 11, 1965, an African-American motorist was arrested for drunk driving. A minor roadside argument broke out, and then escalated into a fight. The community reacted in outrage. Six days of looting and arson followed.
kerner commission
was an 11-member commission established by President Lyndon B. Johnson to investigate the causes of the 1967 race riots in the United States
stokely carmichael
Trinidadian-American political activist best known for leading the civil rights group SNCC in the 1960s.
eldridge cleaver
an American writer and political activist who became an early leader of the Black Panther Party. His 1968 book Soul On Ice is a collection of essays, praised by The New York Times Book Review at the time of its publication as “brilliant and revealing”.
huey newton
an African-American political activist and revolutionary who, along with Bobby Seale, co-founded the Black Panther Party in 1966.
a philip randolh
He organized and led the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, the first predominantly African American labor union.
