civil rights 2.4: the civil rights movement 1965-75

Question 1

when were the watts riots in los angeles

Answer 1

august 1965

Question 2

what happened at the watts riots

Answer 2

police brutality and violence whilst arresting young black man

Question 3

how many were killed at the watts riots

Answer 3

34
4,000 arrested

Question 4

what were the problems for black americans in the north

Answer 4

police discrimination
discrimination from city officials
unemployment and poverty
poor quality housing
lack of funding for schools in black communities

Question 5

how many major riots took place between 1964-68

Answer 5

329 across 257 cities

Question 6

how many were killed in riots that took place between 1964-68

Answer 6

220

Question 7

how many were arrested in riots that took place between 1964-68

Answer 7

52,000

Question 8

what was the kerner report

Answer 8

report by johnson emphasised the social and economic deprivation of black ghettos leading to violence and riots

Question 9

when was the kerner report

Answer 9

july 1967\

Question 10

what was recommended to do in the kerner report

Answer 10

• White officials needed to involve black communities in decisions and listen to their issues
• Policing should be changed to stop police violence and support the community
• Federal money should be spent on improving conditions not on police training which just gave them more weapons to deal with riots in a violent manner

Question 11

which city did mlk focus his campaign in the north in

Answer 11

chicago

Question 12

who was the mayor of chicago in the 1960s

Answer 12

richard daley

Question 13

what did the mayor of chicago (daley) do that led to major riots

Answer 13

in 1966,
daley turned of water supplies that were used to cool down ghettos during heatwave

Question 14

what were kings problems in chicago

Answer 14

• many of chicago’s black politicians were against the campaign.
• The SCLC struggled to connect with the ghetto gangs in chicago as church not as big
• Riots broke out before the marches began, and King’s appeals for calm were ignored.
• bad publicity

Question 15

how did mlk and the sclc campaign in chicago

Answer 15

operation breadbasket: jesse jacksons boycott of white businesses
helping tenants fight segregated housing
organised marches in city

Question 16

what was the outcome of mlks campaign in chicago

Answer 16

daley agreed to provide fairer houses for black residents
he did not honour this agreement once the sclc had left

Question 17

why was chicago a failure

Answer 17

• 10x bigger than southern cities
• church attendance lower so mlk had less reach
• changes to the law meant that is was more expensive to solve problems in north

Question 18

where and when was martin luther king assassinated

Answer 18

memphis, april 1968

Question 19

what were the consequences of mlks assassination

Answer 19

• riots across 29 states and 172 cities
• 2 black people died
• 27,000 were arrested
  -there was $45 million costs in damage
• lost the civil rights movement some white support
• sped up passing of the civil rights act 1968

Question 20

what did the 1968 civil rights act achieve

Answer 20

The 1968 Civil Rights Act made housing practices fairer and protected civil rights activists but increased the punishment for rioting

Question 21

what did nixon do for civil rights

Answer 21

• tax-cuts for white owned businesses that set up in black neighbourhoods
• pressed for affirmative action (hiring black people over white people(diversity hires))
• made sure there were more black officials in gov eg: James Farmer (core official)

Question 22

how had integration progressed by 1974

Answer 22

only 8% of black children in the south attended segregated schools

Question 23

what did the voting act 1970 achieve

Answer 23

the Voting Rights Act 1970 banned state literacy tests