Civil Rights

Question 1

A wide range of programs aimed at expanding opportunities for women and minority groups

Answer 1

Affirmative Action

Question 2

the Court held that separate but equal is inherently unequal in the context of public education

Answer 2

Brown v. Topeka Board of Education

Question 3

a refusal to do business with a firm, individual, or nation as an expression of disapproval or as a means of coercion

Answer 3

Boycott

Question 4

the willful but nonviolent breach of laws that are regarded as unjust

Answer 4

Civil disobedience

Question 5

powers or privileges guaranteed to individuals and protected from arbitrary removal at the hands of gov’t or individuals

Answer 5

Civil rights

Question 6

entitles all persons to equal access to establishments serving the general public and bars discriminatory hiring/promotion practices

Answer 6

Civil rights Act of 1964

Question 7

empowers federal agents to register voters and to oversee participation in elections

Answer 7

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Question 8

Civil War Amendments

Answer 8

13,14,15

Question 9

barred slavery throughout the U.S. (except as punishment for a crime)

Answer 9

13th

Question 10

defines citizenship and gives the Federal gov’t broad power to require the States to provide equal protection of the laws (due process)

Answer 10

14th

Question 11

guarantees black men (but not women) the right to vote

Answer 11

15th

Question 12

segregation that is not the result of government influence

Answer 12

De Facto Segregation

Question 13

government-imposed segregation

Answer 13

De jure segregation

Question 14

the idea that each person is guaranteed the same chance to succeed in life

Answer 14

Equality of opportunity

Question 15

the concept that society must ensure that people are equal, and governments must design policies to redistribute wealth and status to achieve economic and social equality

Answer 15

Equality of outcome

Question 16

prohibits states from denying any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the law.

Answer 16

Equal protection clause

Question 17

the necessary and natural parts of it.

Answer 17

Inherent characteristics

Question 18

discrimination against persons or groups that works to their harm and is based on animosity

Answer 18

Invidious discrimination

Question 19

Southern states passed laws after the Civil War that enforced segregation

Answer 19

Jim crow laws

Question 20

the Court upheld state-imposed racial segregation based on the “separate-but-equal” doctrine

Answer 20

Plessy vs. Ferguson

Question 21

tax of $1 or $2 on every citizen who wished to vote, effectively disenfranchising black voters

Answer 21

Poll Tax

Question 22

the Court ruled that Bakke’s constitutional right of equal protection under the 14th Amendment was violated, but preserved the use of race as an admission criteria

Answer 22

Univ of California vs Bakke

Question 23

gave constitutional sanction to laws designed to achieve racial segregation by means of separate and equal public facilities and services for African Americans and whites.

Answer 23

Separate but equal doctorine

Question 24

The standard used by the Supreme Court in deciding whether a law or policy (regarding race ) is deemed constitutional or not

Answer 24

strict scrutiny test

Question 25

assures women of the right to vote (1920)

Answer 25

19th amendment

Question 26

struck down a Colo. law preventing protected status based on sexual orientation

Answer 26

Romer vs Evans

Question 27

14th Amend. requires both marriage licensing and recognition for same-sex couples

Answer 27

Obergefell v Hodges