Civil Liberties

Question 1

Affirmative Action

Answer 1

the encouragement of increased representation of women and minority-group members, especially in employment.

Question 2

Bill of Rights

Answer 2

a formal statement of the fundamental rights of the people of the United States, incorporated in the constitution as Amendments 1–10, and in all state constitutions.

Question 3

Defamatory Speech

Answer 3

The term defamatory is a type of statement or speech that is injurious to someone’s or people’s name or reputation. This could either be articles, stories or reports that make claims or expressions which are implied to be factual.

Question 4

Discrimination

Answer 4

treatment or consideration of, or making a distinction in favor of or against, a person or thing based on the group, class, or category to which that person or thing belongs rather than on individual merit

Question 5

Double Jeopardy

Answer 5

the act of prosecuting a defendant a second time for an offence for which he has already been tried

Question 6

Due Process

Answer 6

the regular administration of the law, according to which no citizen may be denied his or her legal rights and all laws must conform to fundamental, accepted legal principles, as the right of the accused to confront his or her accusers.

Question 7

Establishment Clause

Answer 7

The Establishment Clause is the first of several pronouncements in the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, stating,
Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion

Question 8

Exclusionary Rule

Answer 8

a rule that provides that otherwise admissible evidence cannot be used in a criminal trial if it was the result of illegal police conduct

Question 9

Fighting Words

Answer 9

Usually, fighting words. language that arouses rage in an antagonist.

Question 10

Free-exercise Clause

Answer 10

the accompanying clause with the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. The Establishment Clause and the Free Exercise Clause together read:

Question 11

Gag Order

Answer 11

a court order banning reporters, attorneys, and other parties involved in a case before a court of law from reporting on or publicly disclosing anything relating to the case.

Question 12

Hate Speech

Answer 12

speech disparaging a racial, sexual, or ethnic group or a member of such a group

Question 13

Libel

Answer 13

defamation by written or printed words, pictures, or in any form other than by spoken words or gestures.

Question 14

Literacy Test

Answer 14

an examination to determine whether a person meets the literacy requirements for voting, serving in the armed forces, etc.; a test of one’s ability to read and write.

Question 15

Obscenity/Obscene Speech

Answer 15

Obscene speech depicts or describes, in a patently offensive way, sexual conduct specifically defined by the applicable state law.

Question 16

Poll Tax

Answer 16

a tax levied per head of adult population

Question 17

Prior Restraint

Answer 17

a court order banning publication of unpublished material.

Question 18

Probable Cause

Answer 18

reasonable grounds for holding a belief, esp such as will justify bringing legal proceedings against a person or will constitute a defence to a charge of malicious prosecution

Question 19

Pure Speech

Answer 19

Pure speech is simply written or spoken words. It is differentiated from symbolic speech which is “speaking” through behavior. Pure speech is a legal term to define speech protected by the First Amendment. The use of the word “pure” is only to differentiate it from speech that does not use words, it has nothing to do with the content of the speech.

Question 20

Reasonable Suspicion

Answer 20

Reasonable suspicion means that there is enough evidence to substantiate your suspicions about something or someone, and gives you enough of an idea to go ahead.

Question 21

Search Warrent

Answer 21

authorization, sanction, or justification.

Question 22

Seditious Speech

Answer 22

is a speech directed at the overflow of the government. Seditious speech attacks basic institutions of the government.

Question 23

Self-Incrimination

Answer 23

the act of incriminating oneself or exposing oneself to prosecution, especially by giving evidence or testimony.

Question 24

Slander

Answer 24

a malicious, false, and defamatory statement or report: a slander against his good name.

Question 25

Symbolic Speech

Answer 25

using actions or movements to try and convey an idea or message to another person. It is protected under the First Amendment.