Civil Drawing - Paper 1 Flashcards
1
Q
What does DPC mean?
A
Damp Proof Course
2
Q
What does FFL mean?
A
Finished Floor Level
3
Q
What does NGL mean?
A
Natural Ground Level
4
Q
What does NTS mean?
A
Not To Scale
5
Q
What are the recommended drawing scales for layout drawings?
A
1:200
1:100
1:50
6
Q
What are the recommended drawing scales for component drawings?
A
1:50
1:20
1:10
1:5
1:2
1:1
7
Q
What does this symbol indicate?
A
Existing level on plan where X marks the position to which the height applies.
8
Q
What does this symbol indicate?
A
Level required on plan
9
Q
What does this symbol indicate?
A
Existing level on section
10
Q
What does this symbol indicate?
A
Level required on section
11
Q
What does this symbol indicate?
A
Cutting plane where the arrow indicates direction of sight.
12
Q
What does this symbol indicate?
A
Finished floor level
13
Q
What does this symbol indicate?
A
Ramp where the arrow indicates ramp up
14
Q
What does this symbol indicate?
A
Staircase where the arrow indicates stairs up
15
Q
What does this symbol indicate?
A
North point
16
Q
What does this symbol indicate?
A
Tree to be removed
17
Q
What does this symbol indicate?
A
Existing tree
18
Q
What does this symbol indicate?
A
Rough timber section
19
Q
What does this symbol indicate?
A
Finished timber section
20
Q
What does this symbol indicate?
A
Concrete
21
Q
What does this symbol indicate?
A
Earth fill
22
Q
What does this symbol indicate?
A
Common brick
23
Q
What does this symbol indicate?
A
Face brick
24
Q
What does this symbol indicate?
A
Compacted hardcore fill
25
What does this symbol indicate?
Screed
26
What does this symbol indicate?
Insulation
27
What height should numbers be printed?
3mm
28
What height should labels be printed?
3mm
29
What height should titles be printed?
5mm
30
Should you underline print?
No, underlining is NOT recommended
31
Should notes be placed horizontally or vertically?
Horizontally
32
Name 3 types of drawings.
Sketch drawings
Design drawings
Working drawings
33
Name 4 types of working drawings.
Locality plan
Site plan
Layout drawings
Component drawings
34
What are sketch drawings?
Preliminary freehand drawings which show the intentions of the designer.
35
What are design drawings?
Freehand drawings but with sufficiently more detail than the sketch drawings. The final drawings are prepared from the design drawings.
36
What is a locality plan?
A plan that identifies the stand and locates the outline of a stand in relation to a town plan or other wider context.
37
What is a site plan?
It indicates the size and the features of a site and locates the positions of buildings in relation to them. It also contains other information required by the local municipality.
38
What is a layout drawing?
A drawing that shows the general construction of the building with the location of all the principal elements and the components.
39
What is included in a layout drawing?
Floor plan
Elevations
Sections
40
Name 3 types of component drawings.
Component range drawings
Component detail drawings
Assembly drawings
41
What are component range drawings?
They show the basic sizes and system of reference for a set of components.
42
What are component detail drawings?
They show all the information necessary for the manufacture of components.
43
What are assembly drawings?
They show in detail the construction of a building.
44
What features are included on a floor plan?
Doors, windows, wall thickness, room designations and sizes, wiring diagrams, water and sewage reticulation, the overall makeup of the building.
45
What should you be able to visualise when you review the floor plan with elevations?
What the structure will look like when built.
46
What are elevations?
Elevations are the exterior view of a building that shows the features of that building and in particular the style and the exterior finishes.
47
How is an elevation labeled?
According to the geographic direction it faces.
48
What is a north elevation?
An elevation of the side of the building that faces north.
49
How many elevations does a typical drawing have?
A minimum of 4 for simple buildings. Complex buildings will have more elevations.
50
What is a section?
A section is a vertical slice through a building.
51
What is the purpose of drawing sections?
To show construction details.
52
How should sections be labelled when there is more than one?
A-A, B-B, and so on.
53
What do sectional elevations show?
How the various components combine to make up the building.
54
What is a detail section?
It's a drawing of part of a structure that is usually drawn to a larger scale that will be used for manufacturing purposes.
55
What size sheets are used for commercial civil layout drawings?
A1
56
How many views of a building should be on a single A1 sheet?
As many as possible without crowding the drawing area.
57
How should views be laid out on a civil layout drawing?
The plan of the building is placed in a bottom corner of the sheet with the North elevation and the south elevation placed directly above it. The east and west elevations are then placed in line with and to the side of the north elevation.
58
What does S mean?
Sink
59
What does WC mean?
Water Closet
60
What does HB mean?
Wash-Basin
61
What does B mean?
Bath
62
What does SH mean?
Shower
63
What does U mean?
Urinal
64
What does WT mean?
Wash Tub
65
What does BT mean?
Bidet
66
What feature do these diagrams illustrate?
Sink (S)
67
What feature do these diagrams illustrate?
Water Closet (WC)
68
What feature do these diagrams illustrate?
Bath (B)
69
What feature do these diagrams illustrate?
Wash Basin (WB)
70
What feature do these diagrams illustrate?
Shower (SH)
71
What feature do these diagrams illustrate?
Urinal (U) wall mounted and stall type
72
What feature do these diagrams illustrate?
Wash Tub (WT)
73
What feature do these diagrams illustrate?
Furnishings
74
What feature do these diagrams illustrate?
Fixtures
75
What feature do these diagrams illustrate?
Bidet (BT)
76
Which of these 3 pictures would you use as a view in the plan?
The middle picture.
77
Which of these 3 pictures would you use in a view in elevation?
The far left picture.
78
Which of these 3 pictures is a feature computer symbol?
The far right picture.
79
What does the Surveyor General's diagram describe?
The geographical orientation of all the boundary lines, the lengths of the boundary lines and the corner heights of the site.
80
List the features of a site plan.
Boundaries, north point, building lines, stand numbers, levels, physical features, services and servitude, municipal sewer connection, buildings.
81
What are the rules for drawing a boundary line?
All stand boundaries must be clearly drawn with the corners extended slightly to show where the adjacent stands meet.
The length of a boundary line must be included along the border line.
82
What are building lines?
Building lines run parallel to the boundary lines of a stand and demarcates the area within the boundary where buildings can be erected.
83
What happens if the contractor builds outside the building lines?
The local authority can order that part of the building be demolished.
84
What is a stand number?
It indicates which property will be built on.
85
What is the purpose of corner levels?
Corner heights indicate the height that a corner of a stand is above sea level and should always be displayed in metres.
86
What is a servitude?
A strip of land on which no building is allowed to be placed.
87
What does RE mean?
Rodding Eye
88
What does IE mean?
Inspection Eye
89
What does MH mean?
Man Holes
90
What is the reticulation system?
The reticulation system is the supply of hot and cold water to the geyser, kitchen sink, shower and sanitary fixtures in a building.
91
What is drainage?
Drainage is the system by which waste-water is deposited into a municipal sewage system and must be shown on layout drawings.
92
What does G mean?
Gully trap
93
Which pipe must be laid at a downward slope?
The waste-disposal pipe.
94
What does IC mean?
Inspection Chamber
95
Why are some aspects on drawings colour coded?
The addition of colour to aspects of the plan, helps to identify the various features at a glance and to differentiate the proposed new work from the existing buildings.
96
What colour must new masonry be?
Red
97
What colour must new concrete be on elevations?
Green.
98
What colour must new iron or steel be on elevations?
Blue
99
What colour must new wood be on elevations?
Yellow
100
What colour must new glass be on elevations?
Black
101
What colour must existing materials be on elevations?
Grey
102
What colour must proposed work be on site plans?
Red
103
What colour must existing work be on site plans?
Not coloured.
104
What colour must work to be demolished be on site plans?
Shown with dashed line.
105
What colour must drains and soil pipes be?
Brown
106
What colour must waste pipes be?
Green
107
What colour must existing drains be?
Black
108
What colour must stormwater drains be?
Not coloured
109
What is the purpose of a building plan?
To provide comprehensive instruction covering all aspects of a building.
110
Why are notes added to drawings?
To supplement the graphics and dimensions and to give guidance, clarity and explanation where needed.
111
Which fixtures must be labeled?
All permanent fixtures must be labeled.
112
What should the roof note include?
The roof pitch (angle)
The material and sizes of the trusses and the roof covering.
113
Which 3 heights should be indicated on a plan?
The roof ridge height
The ceiling height
The finished floor height
114
Name 2 types of roofs.
Pitched roof and flat roof.
115
Name the aspects that affect the design and construction of the roof.
Roof structure; wall plate; the eaves; roof covering; ridge cap; ceiling; roof notes; roof angle
116
What is the most important component of roof structure?
The main component is the roof truss.
117
What is a roof truss?
A truss consists of a number of soft wood timber sections, secured together to provide a framework that will support the roof covering.
118
What is the wall plate?
It is a strip of timber measuring 115x38mm that sits on the inner course of an external or load bearing wall.
119
What is the purpose of the wall plate?
The roof truss rests on the wall plate and is held down by strips of galvanised wire that are anchored into the wall.
120
What are the eaves?
The eaves are the lower edges of the roof that project over the external walls. The eaves overhang and can vary in length.
121
What is attached to the end of the eaves?
Fascia board.
122
What is attached to the fascia board at the end of the eaves?
The gutters.
123
Name 3 common roof coverings.
Tiles
Roof sheeting
Thatch grass
124
What are roof tiles lain on?
Battens
125
What are roof sheets lain on?
Purlins
126
What is a ridge cap?
The ridge cap is a specialised tile or sheet produced for the purpose of covering the gap at the top of the roof where the two sides meet.
127
What is a ceiling?
A ceiling is the roof covering found inside the house.
128
What does a ceiling consist of?
Plasterboard that is attached to brandering .
129
What should be included in the roof notes?
Truss material and sizes.
Wall plate size.
Roof pitch (angle).
Roof covering, material and size.
Eave overhang and finish.
Sizes and distances apart of the battens and purlins.
Material and sizes of the fascia or barge board.
Material and sizes of the gutters and downpipes.
Ceiling materials.
Size and spacing of the brandering .
130
What determines the minimum pitch of a roof?
It is determined in part by the material that is used for the covering and in part by the material that is used for the construction of the trusses.
131
What is the minimum slope advised for a roof truss manufactured from timber and corrugated metal sheets as covering?
5°
132
What is the minimum slope advised if IBR sheeting is used?
11°
133
What is the minimum slope advised when concrete tiles are used?
17°
134
What is the minimum slope advised when thatch grass is used?
35°
135
What is the centre-to-centre method?
The method used to dimension the distances between the trusses and the distances between the battens or purlins on a roof.
136
Why do we use detail drawings?
The scale used on building layout drawings is often too small to show all the finer detail on the drawing, with the result that any elevation or sectional elevation will show a window or a door only as a set of parallel lines.
137
How are doors drawn?
They are drawn attached to the frame and in the open position.
138
What is the door swing?
It is the locus generated by the outer edge of the door and is always included.
139
How are windows shown in a drawing?
Windows are shown on a drawing as a set of parallel lines which define the frame.
140
How is floor area calculated?
It is calculated as the total horizontal coverage of the dwelling which includes the width of the walls.
141
How is the area of a dwelling calculated?
Multiply the total length by the total breadth. l x b = area
142
What is the perimeter?
It is the total length of all the walls added together.
143
Should you include the outside walls when calculating the total area of a dwelling?
Yes.
144
What does BWK mean?
Brickwork
145
What does BIC mean?
Built-in-cupboard
146
What does CE mean?
Cleaning eye
147
What does COL mean?
Column
148
What does CONC mean?
Concrete
149
What does DPM mean?
Damp proof membrane
150
What does DWG mean?
Drawing
151
What does FC mean?
Fibre cement
152
What does GT mean?
Grease Trap
153
What does GSM mean?
Galvanised Sheetmetal
154
What does GRANO mean?
Granolithic
155
What does INSUL mean?
Insulation
156
What does IL mean?
Invert level
157
What does RWP mean?
Rainwater pipe
158
What does RC mean?
Reinforced concrete
159
What does SP mean?
Soil Pipe
160
What does SWD mean?
Stormwater drain
161
What does SWP mean?
Stormwater pipe
162
What does uPVC mean?
Unplasticized polyvinyl chloride
163
What does VP mean?
Vent or ventilation pipe
164
What does WP mean?
Waste pipe
