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Civics Flashcards

1
Q

What is a democracy?

A

A system of government where citizens exercise power by voting.

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2
Q

Define monarchy.

A

A form of government with a monarch (king or queen) at the head, often hereditary.

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3
Q

What is a dictatorship?

A

A government ruled by a single leader who has absolute control, often obtained by force.

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4
Q

What is an oligarchy?

A

A government where a small group of people have control over the country.

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5
Q

What does the left-wing of the political spectrum generally support?

A

Social equality, government intervention in the economy, and progressive social policies.

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6
Q

What does the right-wing of the political spectrum generally support?

A

Less government intervention, individual responsibility, and traditional social values.

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7
Q

Define centrism on the political spectrum.

A

A political position that balances both left- and right-wing policies, often advocating for moderation.

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8
Q

What is the Liberal Party of Canada’s primary ideology?

A

Center-left, focusing on social progressivism, environmentalism, and economic liberalism.

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9
Q

What is the main political stance of the Conservative Party of Canada?

A

Center-right, advocating for lower taxes, free-market policies, and traditional values.

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10
Q

What does the New Democratic Party (NDP) stand for?

A

Left-wing, supporting social democracy, workers’ rights, and expanded social programs.

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11
Q

What is the Bloc Québécois’s primary focus?

A

Advocacy for Quebec sovereignty and promotion of Quebec’s interests within Canada.

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12
Q

What is the Green Party known for?

A

A focus on environmental sustainability, climate change action, and progressive social policies.

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13
Q

What are the three levels of government in Canada?

A

Federal, provincial/territorial, and municipal.

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14
Q

What is the federal government responsible for?

A

National defense, foreign policy, immigration, and trade.

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15
Q

What is the provincial/territorial government responsible for?

A

Education, health care, transportation, and natural resources.

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16
Q

What is the municipal government responsible for?

A

Local services like water, public transit, waste management, and parks.

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17
Q

What are the three branches of government in Canada?

A

Executive, legislative, and judicial.

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18
Q

What does the executive branch do?

A

Enforces laws and is made up of the Prime Minister, Cabinet, and the Governor General.

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19
Q

What is the role of the legislative branch?

A

Makes laws; includes Parliament (the House of Commons and the Senate).

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20
Q

What is the responsibility of the judicial branch?

A

Interprets and applies the law through courts, ensuring laws comply with the Constitution.

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21
Q

What are the two houses of Canadian Parliament?

A

The House of Commons and the Senate.

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22
Q

How are members of the House of Commons selected?

A

They are elected by Canadian citizens in federal elections.

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23
Q

How are members of the Senate selected?

A

Senators are appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister.

24
Q

Who is the Prime Minister of Canada?

A

The head of government, responsible for running the country and leading the executive branch.

25
Q

What is the role of the Governor General?

A

The Queen’s representative in Canada, performing ceremonial duties and giving royal assent to laws.

26
Q

What does a Member of Parliament (MP) do?

A

Represents a constituency in the House of Commons and participates in law-making.

27
Q

What is required to run for office in a Canadian federal election?

A

You must be a Canadian citizen, at least 18 years old, and gather a required number of signatures for nomination.

28
Q

How does a political party win a federal election?

A

By winning the most seats in the House of Commons, typically forming a government.

29
Q

What are the qualifications to vote in Canadian federal elections?

A

You must be a Canadian citizen, at least 18 years old, and registered to vote.

30
Q

What is the First Past the Post (FPTP) electoral system?

A

A system where the candidate with the most votes in an electoral district wins, even if they don’t receive a majority.

31
Q

What are some problems with First Past the Post?

A

It can lead to disproportional representation, where a party can win a majority of seats without a majority of the votes, and it often disadvantages smaller parties.

32
Q

Who is the current monarch of Canada?

A

King Charles III.

33
Q

Who is the current Prime Minister of Canada?

A

Justin Trudeau.

34
Q

Who is a prominent left-wing political figure in Canada?

A

Jagmeet Singh (NDP leader).

35
Q

Name a right-wing Canadian political figure.

A

Pierre Poilievre (Conservative Party leader).

36
Q

Who is the leader of the Liberal Party?

A

Justin Trudeau.

37
Q

Who leads the Conservative Party?

A

Pierre Poilievre.

38
Q

Who is the current leader of the NDP?

A

Jagmeet Singh.

39
Q

Who is the leader of the Bloc Québécois?

A

Yves-François Blanchet.

40
Q

Who is the leader of the Green Party?

A

Elizabeth May (Co-leader with Jonathan Pedneault).

41
Q

Who is the current Governor General of Canada?

A

Mary Simon.

42
Q

Who is responsible for national defense in Canada?

A

The federal government.

43
Q

Who is responsible for healthcare in Canada?

A

The provincial/territorial government.

44
Q

Who is the head of the executive branch in Canada?

A

The Prime Minister.

45
Q

Who interprets the law in Canada’s judicial branch?

A

The Supreme Court of Canada.

46
Q

How many seats are in the House of Commons?

A

338.

47
Q

How many seats are in the Senate?

A

105.

48
Q

Who is the current Speaker of the House of Commons?

A

Greg Fergus.

49
Q

What is the role of the Governor General?

A

Represents the monarch and gives royal assent to laws.

50
Q

What is the job of a cabinet minister?

A

Head of a government department, advising the Prime Minister.

51
Q

Who is the current Minister of Finance in Canada?

A

Chrystia Freeland.

52
Q

Who oversees federal elections in Canada?

A

Elections Canada.

53
Q

Who can run as a candidate in Canadian federal elections?

A

Any Canadian citizen aged 18+.

54
Q

How often must federal elections be held in Canada?

A

Every 4 years, or earlier if called.

55
Q

What is a major criticism of the First Past the Post system?

A

It can give a party with fewer votes a majority in Parliament.

56
Q

What alternative voting system is often suggested for Canada?

A

Proportional representation.

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