City Challenge

Question 1

Details and named example

Answer 1

Cities competed against each other for government regeneration grants
Was a local authority scheme which formed partnerships between local communities and the private sector
Hulme City Challenge Partnership

Question 2

Reasons

Answer 2

The City Challenge initiative was designed to address some of the weaknesses of the earlier regeneration schemes
Many earlier initiatives had concentrated on improving buildings, whereas City Challenge gave equal importance to buildings, people and values

Question 3

Problems in Hulme City

Answer 3

Of the 5,500 dwellings, 98% were council owned. Over half of the dwellings were part of a deck access system, with many of the poor design features of prefabricated construction.

The area had a low level of families with children, and a disproportionate number of single-person households. There was also a high number of single parents, and other people with social difficulties.

Question 4

Redevelopment of Hulme

Answer 4

In 1992, under the Hulme City Challenge Partnership, plans were drawn up to build 3,000 new homes, with new shopping areas, roads and community facilities. A more traditional pattern of housing development was designed

50 ha of land had been reclaimed, the majority of the former deck access flats had been demolished, 600 new homes for rent had been built, and more than 300 homes had been improved and refurbished

Question 5

Redevelopment of Hulme 2

Answer 5

The main shopping area was totally refurbished, including the addition of and ASDA supermarket. A new community centre, including crèche facilities and other social provision, the Zion Centre, was also constructed.

Crime in the area has been greatly reduced, and there is more of a social mix of people living in the area. The appearance of Hulme has altered radically.