citoplazma Flashcards

1
Q

sestava citoplazme

A

80% voda
proteini
ogljikovi hidrati
lipidi
ioni
ribosomi in DNA

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2
Q

pomen citoplazme

A

poteka metabolizem

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3
Q

citoplazma značilnosti

A
  • konsistenca gela
  • proteini so oviti s plaščem vodnih molekul, ker je pomembno za njihovo funkcijo
  • malo proste vode, večina vezana na molekule
  • encimi so organizirani v multiencimske komplekse
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4
Q

nukleoid bakterij

A
  • pri bakterijah je DNA organizirana v nukleoid
    zvit nukleoid = nuklearna zona

sestava: kromosom - ciklična dvoverižna DNA, haploidna molekula, superzvita okrog NAP proteinov

  • plazmidi
  • nukleoid je viden s transmisijskim mikroskopom
  • bakterijski kromatin predstavlja DNA, RNA in proteini skoncentrirani v nukleoidu
    nukleid predstavlja 15-25% celičnega volumna, odvisno od rastne faze
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5
Q

ribosomi sestava

A

rRNA + proteini
70S veliki

VELIKA PODENOTA: 50 S (svedbergove enote) - 23S rRNA + proteini + 5S rRNA

MALA PODENOTA: 30 S - 16S rRNA + proteini

APE mesta

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6
Q

ribosomi funkcija

A

sinteza proteinov

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