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Canada > Citizenship Test > Flashcards

Citizenship Test Flashcards

1
Q

Oath

A

to Queen Elizabeth II

(Sep 8 2022 - King Charles III?)

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2
Q

What does the oath recognize?

A

the treaty rights of the First Nations

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3
Q

What 3 types of government does Canada have? (CM, PD, FS)

A
  1. Constitutional monarchy (CM)
  2. Parliamentary democracy (PD)
  3. a Federal state (Fed)
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4
Q

What are the 5 sources of Canadian laws? (PPECU)

A
  1. Parliament
  2. Provincial legislatures
  3. English common law
  4. Civil code of France
  5. unwritten constitution inherited from Great Britain
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5
Q

What is the unwritten constitution of Great Britain?

A

the Magna Carta (1215), aka the Great Charter of Freedom

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6
Q

What freedoms are guaranteed in the Great Charter of Freedom?

A
  1. Conscience and religion
  2. thought, belief, opinion, expression, including freedom of the press.
  3. peaceful assembly
  4. association
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7
Q

What right does English common law give?

A

Right of habeus corpus (unlawful detention)

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8
Q

When the was the Constitution of Canada amended and why?

A

1982. Starts out, “Whereas Canada is founded upon principles that recognize the supremacy of God and the rule of Law.”

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9
Q

What was the 1982 amendment called?

A

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

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10
Q

What 4 additional rights did the Canadian Charter add? (MALM)

A
  1. Mobility rights - live and work where you choose
  2. Aboriginal Peoples’ Rights - no right will affect treaties or rights of Aboriginal peoples.
  3. Official Language rights and Minority Language rights
  4. Multiculturalism - respect pluralism.
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11
Q

What is meant that “women and men are equal under the law”?

A

The equality is guaranteed even if it violates a cultural practice.

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12
Q

What are the 6 citizenship responsibilities? (OWSVHP)

A
  1. Obeying the law.
  2. Work hard = Taking responsibility for oneself and family.
  3. Serving on a jury, legally required if called.
  4. Vote
  5. Help Others
  6. Protect heritage and environment.
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13
Q

How does the military work?

A

There is no compulsory military service.
Cadet program - 12 to 19 year olds: sea, army and air cadets

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14
Q

What type of government does Canada have that no other North American state has?

A

Constitutional monarchy

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15
Q

What was the 1867 Constitution called?

A

1867 British North America Act

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16
Q

What is the nickname of Canada?

A

The Great Dominion

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17
Q

Who were the 3 founding peoples?

A
  1. Aboriginal
  2. English
  3. French
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18
Q

Where did the Aboriginals come from?

A

Likely migrated from Asia.

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19
Q

What was the basis of negotiation between Great Britain and the Aboriginals?

A

Royal Proclamation of 1763 by King George III

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20
Q

What was done to Aboriginal children from the 1800s to the 1980s?

A

They were required to attend residential schools to assimilate them into Canadian culture.

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21
Q

What was wrong with the residential schools for the Aboriginal children?

A

They were poorly funded and some children were abused.

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22
Q

What are the 3 groups of Aboriginals today?

A

Indian (65%, now First Nations), Métis (30%, mixed aboriginal and European) and Inuit (4%, “the people”, mostly in the Arctic)

23
Q

Who coined the term “Unity in Diversity”?

A

John Buchan (1st Baron Tweedmuir)

24
Q

What does Inuit mean and where do they live?

A

“The people.” Mostly in the Arctic.

25
Q

Who are the Métis and where do they live and what languages do they speak?

A

They are mixed Aboriginal and European ancestry.
Most live in the Prairie provinces.
Speak English, French or Michif

26
Q

Who are the Indians?

A

This is the name for all other Aboriginals.
Now called First Nations.
Half live on 600 reservations.

27
Q

What are the 2 official languages of Canada?

A

English and French

28
Q

How many speak English, what are they called?

A

18-million. Anglophones

29
Q

What is unique about New Brunswick languages?

A

They are the only official bi-lingual province.

30
Q

What are the 2 categories of French?

A

Acadians and Quebecers

31
Q

How many French speakers are there and where do they live?

A

7 million. 6 million in Quebec and 1 million outside Quebec.

32
Q

Who were/are the Acadians?

A

Descendants of Maritime Provinces French colonists of 1604

33
Q

What was the Great Upheaval?

A

The British won the Seven Years’ War (17-55-1763) and control of French Canada (Treaty of Paris). During that war they deported two-thirds 11+k out of 14+k) of the Acadians whom they suspected of supporting the French.

34
Q

What happened to Acadia after the War of Spanish Succession?

A

1710 - The British captured Port Royal, the capital of Acadia and the 1713 Treaty of Ultrecht gave them the colony but required the British to let the Acadians keep their land.

35
Q

Who are the Quebecers descended from?

A

The 8,500 French settlers from the 1600s and 1700s.

36
Q

How many of the Quebecers are Anglo-Quebecers?

A

1 million

37
Q

Since the 1870s, where have most of Canada’s immigrants come from?

A

Asia. 13% of people in Vancouver speak Chinese at home. In Toronto, it’s 7%.

38
Q

What is the largest religion in Canada?

A

Catholic

39
Q

Is gay marriage legal?

A

They may have civil marriages.

40
Q

Who were the first Europeans in Canada?

A

The Vikings from Iceland came after colonizing Greenland.

41
Q

Where did the Vikings settle in Canada?

A

In Labrador and Newfoundland.

42
Q

What was the name of the Vikings’ first settlement?

A

l’Anse aux Meadows - today a World Heritage site

43
Q

Who drew the first map of the east coast?

A

John Cabot - 1497

44
Q

Who was the first French explorer?

A

Jacques Cartier - 3 voyages between 1534 and 1542. Heard Iriquois say “kanate” (village.)

45
Q

What was the first North American settlement north of Florida?

A

St. Croix Island (1604)

46
Q

What area was the first settlement in?

A

Acadia (today Nova Scotia)

47
Q

Who established the first settlement in 1604?

A

Pierre de Monts & Samuel de Champlain

48
Q

What 2 things did Champlain do in 1608 after establishing St. Croix in 1604?

A

(1) He built a fortress at present-day Quebec City.
(2) He allied with 6 native nations against the Iriquois.

49
Q

When did the French and Iriquois finally make peace?

A

1701

50
Q

What did the French and Aboriginals do together?

A

They traded in furs from Hudson Bay to the Gulf of Mexico.

51
Q

What did King Charles of England do in 1670?

A

He gave the hudson Bay Company exclusive trading rights over the Hudson Bay watershed.

52
Q

What did the HBC call the Hudson Bay watershed?

A

Prince Rupert’s Land/ he was nephew of Charles I and the first HBC Governor.

53
Q

Who did the HBC compete against for 100 years?

A

The French and Aboriginals

54
Q

What were the HBC employees called?

A

(1) voyageurs
(2) coureurs des bois

Canada (4 decks)

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