Citizenship

Question 1

denotes
membership of a
permanent character in a
political community. A
citizen of a state is one
who owes allegiance to it
and is correspondingly
entitled to its protection

Answer 1

Citizenship

Question 2

The following are citizens of the Philippines:
(1) Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the time of the
adoption of this Constitution;
(2) Those whose fathers or mothers are citizens of the Philippines;
(3) Those born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino mothers, who elect
Philippine citizenship upon reaching the age of majority; and
(4) Those who are naturalized in accordance with law.

Answer 2

SECTION 1

Question 3

Natural-born citizens are those who are citizens
of the Philippines from birth without having to perform any
act to acquire or perfect their Philippine citizenship. Those
who elect Philippine citizenship in accordance with
paragraph (3), Section 1 hereof shall be deemed natural-born
citizens.

Answer 3

SECTION 2

Question 4

Philippine citizenship may be lost or reacquired
in the manner provided by law.

Answer 4

SECTION 3.

Question 5

Citizens of the Philippines who
marry aliens shall retain their citizenship, unless
by their act or omission they are deemed, under
the law, to have renounced it.

Answer 5

SECTION 4.

Question 6

Dual allegiance of citizens is
inimical to the national interest and shall be dealt
with by law.

Answer 6

SECTION 5.

Question 7

Citizenship by birth

Answer 7

• Jus sanguinis
• Jus soli

Question 8

the principle of determining a person’s citizenship
through one or both of their parents’ citizenships. It means the “right of blood”
and is also referred to as the principle of descent.

Answer 8

Jus sanguinis

Question 9

under this principle a child’s citizenship is determined by the
place of birth.

Answer 9

Jus soli

Question 10

Naturalization refers to an act whereby person acquires a citizenship
different from that person’s citizenship at birth

Answer 10

Citizenship by naturalization

Question 11

Foreigners under certain provisions of Article XII of the 1987
Constitution on National Economy and Patrimony cannot own land or invest
in stock equity of corporations engaged in certain nationalized economic
activities. As foreigners, they do not enjoy the political and civil rights of a
Filipino citizen.
But, can foreigners become citizens of the Philippines?

Answer 11

The answer is in the
affirmative. Foreign nationals can be naturalized and eventually become Filipino citizens.

Question 12

Naturalization signifies the act of formally adopting a foreigner into
the political body of a nation by clothing him or her with the privileges of a citizen. Under current and existing laws, there are three ways by which analien may become a citizen by naturalization:

Answer 12

(a) administrative naturalization pursuant to Republic Act No. 9139;
(b) judicial naturalization pursuant to Commonwealth Act. No. 473,
(c) legislative naturalization in the form of a law enacted by Congress
bestowing Philippine citizenship to an alien.

Question 13

is provided for under Republic Act 9139, otherwise known as
“The Administrative Naturalization Law of 2000”. The applicant must be a foreigner who was
born, who studied and has resided in the Philippines since birth and must be at least 18 years
old at the time of filing the petition.

Answer 13

Administrative naturalization

Question 14

The SCN, who has the
power to approve or deny the petition is composed of the

Answer 14

(1) Solicitor General as Chairman,
(2) The Secretary of Foreign Affairs or his duly authorized representative
3) the National Security Adviser as members

Question 15

is done through an act of Congress which is composed of the House of the
Representatives and the Senate of the Philippines

Answer 15

Legislative naturalization

Question 16

is governed by Commonwealth Act 473, otherwise known as the “Revised Naturalization Law” as amended.
The judicial naturalization may be filed by a foreigner applicant in the Regional Trial Court where he has resided for at least one year
before the filing of his petition.

Answer 16

Judicial naturalization

Question 17

Any person having the following qualifications may become a citizen of the Philippines by naturalization:

Answer 17

• He must be at least 21 years of age at the date of hearing;
• He must have resided in the Philippines for a continuous period of not less than 10 years;
• He must be of good moral character and believes in the principles underlying the Philippine Constitution, and must have conducted
  himself in a proper and irreproachable manner during the entire period of his residence in the Philippines in relation with the
  constituted government as well as with the community in which he is living;
  *He must own a real estate in the Philippines or must have some known lucrative trade, profession, or lawful occupation;
• He must be able to speak and write English or Spanish and any of the principal Philippine languages; and
• He must have enrolled his minor children in schools where Philippine history, government and civics are part of the curriculum

Question 18

However, the requirement of ten (10) years of continuous residence as mentioned above may be reduced to five (5) years for any
applicant or petitioner having any of the following qualifications:

Answer 18

• Having honorably held office under the Government of the Philippines;
• Having established a new industry or introduced a useful invention in the Philippines;
• Being married to a Filipino woman;
• Having been engaged as a teacher in the Philippines in a public or recognized private school for
  not less than two (2) years. Take note that the school must not have been established for the
  exclusive instruction of children of persons of a particular nationality or race;
• Having been born in the Philippines.
• In addition, the applicant must, one year prior to the filing of the petition before the court, file a
• Notice of Intent to acquire Philippine Citizenship with the Office of the Solicitor General. Said
• Notice of Intent may be dispensed with, if the applicant was born or studied his primary and
  secondary education in the country or resided in the Philippines continuously for thirty (30)
  years.

Question 19

Duties and Obligation of a Citizen

Answer 19

1. To be loyal to the Republic
2. To defend the State.
3. To contribute to the development and welfare of the State.
4. To uphold the constitution and obey the laws.
5. To cooperate with the duly constituted authorities.
6. To exercise rights responsibly and with due regard for the rights of
   others.
7. To engage in gainful work
8. To register and vote

Question 20

You cannot change any society unless you take responsibility for it unless you see yourself as belonging to it and responsible for changing it

Answer 20

Grace Lee Boggs