Basic Life support Flashcards
A series of assessments and interventions using techniques and
maneuvers made to bring victims of cardiac and respiratory arrest
back to life.
CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION (CPR)
WHEN TO START C.P.R.
*UNCONSCIOUS / UNRESPONSIVE
*NOT BREATHING OR HAS NO NORMAL BREATHING
*NO DEFINITE PULSE
- NOTE: RESPONDERS NEED TO GENERALLY ASSUME THAT ALL VICTIMS
HAVE INFECTIOUS DISEASES SO THAT SAFETY PROTOCOLS MUST BE
COMPLETELY OBSERVED AT ALL TIMES.
WHEN NOT TO START C.P.R.
ALL VICTIMS OF CARDIAC ARREST SHOULD RECEIVE CPR UNLESS:
1. PATIENT HAS A VALID DNAR (DO NOT ATTEMPT RESUSCITATION) ORDER.
2. PATIENT HAS SIGNS OF IRREVERSIBLE DEATH
3. NO PHYSIOLOGICAL BENEFIT CAN BE EXPECTED BECAUSE THE VITAL FUNCTIONS HAVE DETERIORATED
AS IN SEPTIC OR CARDIOGENIC SHOCK.
4. ATTEMPTS TO PERFORM CPR WOULD PLACE THE RESCUER AT RISK OF PHYSICAL INJURY.
WHEN TO STOP C.P.R
*S - SPONTANEOUS SIGNS OF CIRCULATION ARE RESTORED.
*T- TURNED OVER TO MEDICAL SERVICES OR PROPERLY TRAINED AND AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL.
*0 - OPERATOR IS ALREADY EXHAUSTED AND CANNOT CONTINUE CPR.
- P - PHYSICIAN ASSUMES RESPONSIBILITY (DECLARES DEATH, TAKES OVER, ETC).
- S - SCENE BECOMES UNSAFE (SUCH AS TRAFFIC, IMPENDING OR ONGOING VIOLENCE – GUN FIRES, ETC.).
- S - SIGNED WAIVER TO STOP CPR.
CORE CONCEPT: OXYGEN TO THE BRAIN
IN ORDER:COMPRESSION –AIRWAY –BREATHING
COMPRESSIONS CREATE BLOOD FLOW BY INCREASING INTRA-THORACIC PRESSURE AND DIRECTLY COMPRESS THE HEART; GENERATE BLOOD FLOW AND OXYGEN DELIVERY TO THE MYOCARDIUM AND BRAIN.
C.P.R. SEQUENCE
THE C-A-B
CIRCULATION REPRESENTS A HEART THAT IS ACTIVELY PUMPING
BLOOD, MOST OFTEN RECOGNIZED BY THE PRESENCE OF A
PULSE IN THE NECK (AND OTHER PERIPHERAL PULSES)
ASSUME THERE IS NO CIRCULATION IF THE FOLLOWING EXISTS:
UNRESPONSIVE, NOT BREATHING, NOT MOVING AND POOR SKIN
COLOR (CYANOTIC).
CAB: COMPRESSION
KNEEL FACING THE VICTIM’S CHEST.
PLACE THE HEEL OF ONE HAND ON THE
CENTER OF THE CHEST.
PLACE THE HEEL OF THE SECOND HAND ON TOP
OF THE FIRST SO THAT THE HANDS ARE
OVERLAPPED AND PARALLEL
CAB: COMPRESSION
ADULT CPR
JUST BELOW THE NIPPLE LINE, LOWER HALF OF
STERNUM
ONE HAND ONLY / TWO HANDS FOR BIG
CHILDREN.
30:2 FOR SINGLE RESCUER, 15:2 FOR 2-MAN
RESCUER
CAB: COMPRESSION
CHILD CPR
JUST BELOW THE NIPPLE LINE, LOWER
HALF OF THE STERNUM.
TWO FINGERS, FLEXING AT THE WRIST
CAB: COMPRESSION
INFANT CPR
THIS MUST BE DONE TO ENSURE AN OPEN PASSAGE FOR
SPONTANEOUS BREATHING OR MOUTH TO MOUTH DURING CPR
CAB: OPEN AIRWAY
TILT THE HEAD BACK WITH YOUR ONE
HAND AND LIFT UP THE CHIN WITH
YOUR OTHER HAND
HEAD TILT CHIN LIFT MANEUVER
MAINTAIN OPEN AIRWAY.
PINCH NOSE SHUT (IF MOUTH TO MOUTH
RESCUE BREATHING (RB) IS PREFERRED).
OPEN YOUR MOUTH WIDE, TAKE A NORMAL
BREATH, AND MAKE A TIGHT SEAL AROUND
OUTSIDE OF VICTIM’S MOUTH.
GIVE 2 FULL BREATHS (1 SEC EACH BREATH).
OBSERVE CHEST RISE.
5 CYCLES OR 2 MINUTES.
CAB: BREATHING
CONTINUE CPR UNTIL:
AED ARRIVES AND STARTS TO ANALYZE
EMS PROVIDERS TAKE OVER THE CARE OF THE VICTIM
REASSESS VICTIM EVERY AFTER 2 MINS.
RESCUERS MAY SWITCH ROLES (FOR TWO-MAN RESCUER)
IF PATIENT BECOMES CONSCIOUS, PLACE PATIENT IN
RECOVERY POSITION
PRIMARY C.P.R. PROCEDURE
CYCLES OF 30 COMPRESSIONS : 2 VENTILATIONS
SHOULD BE CONTINUED UNTIL AN ADVANCED
AIRWAY IS PLACED
IF AN ADVANCED AIRWAY IS ALREADY IN PLACE:
CONTINUOUS CHEST COMPRESSIONS AT A RATE
OF 100-120 PER MINUTE, WITHOUT PAUSES FOR
VENTILATION.
VENTILATION RATE OF 1 BREATH EVERY 6 SEC. (10
BREATHS PER MINUTE)
C.P.R. WITH ADVANCE AIRWAY (HCP ONLY)
AEDS ARE SOPHISTICATED, COMPUTERIZED DEVICES THAT CAN ANALYZE A HEART RHYTHM AND PROMPTS THE USER TO DELIVER A SHOCK WHEN NECESSARY. THESE DEVICES ONLY REQUIRE THE USER TO TURN THE AED ON AND FOLLOW THE AUDIO INSTRUCTIONS WHEN PROMPTED.
AUTOMATED EXTERNAL DEFIBRILLATOR (AED)
