Circulatory System Flashcards
What is the primary function of the circulatory system?
To transport nutrients, gases, hormones, blood cells, and waste products throughout the body.
True or False: The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body.
True
What are the main components of blood?
Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma.
Fill in the blank: The _______ carries oxygenated blood away from the heart.
Aorta
What are the four main chambers of the heart?
Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle.
Which blood type is known as the universal donor?
Type O-
Multiple Choice: Which blood type has A antigens on the surface of its red blood cells? A) Type A B) Type B C) Type AB D) Type O
A) Type A
What is the role of platelets in the blood?
To help with blood clotting.
True or False: The right side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.
False
What is the average resting heart rate for adults?
60 to 100 beats per minute.
Fill in the blank: Blood is composed of _______ and formed elements.
plasma
Which blood type is considered the universal recipient?
Type AB+
Multiple Choice: What type of blood vessel carries blood back to the heart? A) Arteries B) Veins C) Capillaries D) None of the above
B) Veins
What is the function of the valves in the heart?
To prevent backflow of blood.
True or False: The left ventricle pumps blood to the lungs.
False
What is hemoglobin?
A protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the largest artery in the body.
Aorta
What is the function of the pulmonary circulation?
To carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and return oxygenated blood back to the heart.
Multiple Choice: Which component of blood is primarily responsible for immune response? A) Red blood cells B) White blood cells C) Plasma D) Platelets
B) White blood cells
What is the role of the sinoatrial (SA) node in the heart?
It acts as the natural pacemaker, initiating the heartbeat.
True or False: Blood type compatibility is crucial for safe blood transfusions.
True
What is the average volume of blood in an adult human?
About 5 to 6 liters.
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the muscular wall of the heart.
Myocardium
What are the two main types of circulation in the body?
Systemic circulation and pulmonary circulation.
Multiple Choice: What happens if a person receives an incompatible blood type during a transfusion? A) Nothing B) Hemolysis C) Increased energy D) Improved health
B) Hemolysis
What is the name of the blood vessels that supply blood to the heart muscle?
Coronary arteries.
True or False: Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood, while veins carry oxygen-poor blood.
True
Fill in the blank: The _______ separates the right and left sides of the heart.
Septum
What is the function of capillaries?
To facilitate the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste between blood and tissues.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a blood group? A) A B) B C) C D) AB
C) C
What is the significance of the Rh factor in blood types?
It determines whether blood is positive or negative and is important for transfusions and pregnancy.
True or False: Blood pressure is the force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels.
True
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the part of the heart that receives deoxygenated blood from the body.
Right atrium
What is the normal range for systolic blood pressure in adults?
90 to 120 mmHg.
Multiple Choice: Which part of the heart pumps blood to the body? A) Right atrium B) Left atrium C) Right ventricle D) Left ventricle
D) Left ventricle
What is the function of the aortic valve?
To prevent backflow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle.
True or False: Blood transfusions can only be performed with the same blood type.
False
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the layer of tissue that lines the heart.
Endocardium
What is the role of the vena cavae in the circulatory system?
To return deoxygenated blood from the body to the right atrium of the heart.
Multiple Choice: What is the main purpose of the circulatory system? A) Digestion B) Transport C) Respiration D) Excretion
B) Transport
What is the significance of the coronary circulation?
It provides blood supply to the heart muscle itself.
True or False: The left side of the heart is responsible for pumping blood to the lungs.
False
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the structure that connects the atria and ventricles.
Atrioventricular valve
