Circulatory System Flashcards
What is the heart?
A muscular organ that pumps blood to the body
What are blood vessels?
Hollow tubes that blood moves through
What are the three blood vessels?
Arteries,Capillaries and Veins
What is blood?
Fluid that transports nutrients throughout the body (CO2, O2)
Functions of the circulatory system?
Transportation of gasses nutrients, white blood cells, hormones,etc
What is transported in blood?
CO2,O2,hormones, heat, nutrients and urea (a substance formed by broken proteins in the liver)
What is in blood?
Plasma(A fluid that carries other components of blood)
Red blood cells (transports O2 and CO2)
White blood cells( destroys pathogens like bacteria)
Platelets (clots blood like when u get a cut and a scab forms)
The mammalian circulation includes..?
Pulmonary circulation(pumps blood through one circuit between the heart and lungs.
Systemic circulation: pumps blood between the heart and the rest of the body.
Cardiac circulation: the movement of blood between the heart.
Three types of blood vessels and their functions
Arteries: carry heavy blood flow away to the heart and tissues that need(oxygenated)
Capillaries: very small blood moves very slow (carries both oxygenated and deoxygenated blood)
Veins: carries low blood pressure back to the heart(deoxygenated
Where is the heart located?
upper left of your chest
What Are the four chambers of the heart?
The heart has two ventricles and two atria.
What Are the four chambers of the heart?
The heart has two ventricles and two atria.
Function of the right atrium
Receives blood from the superior or inferior vena cava (deoxygenated)
Function of the right atrium
Receives blood from the superior or inferior vena cava (deoxygenated)
Function Of the left atrium
Receives blood from the pulmonary veins(oxygenated)
Function of the right ventricle
Receives blood from right atrium, takes blood to the pulmonary artery to get oxygen from lungs
Function of left ventricle
Receives blood from left atrium, pumps oxygenated blood to the aorta and carries it to the body
Arteries of the heart
Pulmonary artery:Carries deoxygenated blood to lungs
Aorta: carries oxygenated blood to body(largest artery)
Veins of the heart
Inferior vena cava-carries deoxygenated blood from bottom of the body to the heart
Superior vena cava:carries deoxygenated blood from the top of the body to the heart
Pulmonary vein:carries oxygenated blood to the left atrium from the lungs
Valves of the heart and what they do
Prevents the backflow of blood
Atrioventricular(between atria and ventricles) Tricuspid on the right, bicuspid/mitral valve on the left
Semilunar valves (between ventricles and arteries) pulmonary semilunar valve on the right side and aortic semilunar valve on left
What is atherosclerosis?
Atherosclerosis is a degenerative disease from built up plaque in the arteries
What is a coronary occlusion?
Some heart tissue is not getting enough oxygen resulting in pain called angina
Risk factors for coronary heart disease
Age:blood vessels become less flexible as you age
Genetics
Obesity:the extra weight strains the heart
Diseases: certain diseases can cause CHD
Diet: abuse of fats, salts and alcohol increases the risk
Exercise: little exercise can weaken the heart
Sex:males are at more risk because of the lack of estrogen in the body
Smoking: nicotine raises blood pressure
Heart attacks can be diagnosed by?
Blood tests to look for proteins only released during a heart attack and electrocardiograph that measures the electrical impulses in the heart
Signs of a heart attack in a woman
Light headed
Upper back pain
Chest pressure
Shortness of breath
Pain in one or both arms
Fainting or fatigue
Signs of a heart attack in men
Cold sweat/nausea
Chest pressure/pain
Shortness of breath
Pain in one or both arms, the back, neck, jaw or stomach
