Circulatory System Flashcards
Transports the ____________from the heart and lungs all throughout the body
Oxygenated blood
Transports the oxygenated blood from the heart and lungs all throughout the body thru ____________
arteries
hallow muscular organ and to pump blood
Heart
surrounded by ________( thin, fluid filled sac)
pericardium
lower right chamber
Right Ventricle
upper left chamber
Left atrium
upper right chamber
Right atrium
lower left chamber
left ventricle
Give the Four chambers of heart
Left atrium
Right atrium
Left ventricle
Right Ventricle
Give the 3 layers of heart
Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
Thin layer of epithelial cells, the inner layer of heart
Endocardium
thin, water membrane in the outer layer of the heart
Epicardium
covers the heart & attached to the pericardium
Epicardium
pumps blood to the arteries by contracting
Myocardium
Lines the valves and interior chambers
Endocardium
Thick layer of cardiac muscles in the middle layer of the heart
Myocardium
Give the Four valves of the Heart
Right AV valve
Left AV valve
Right semilunar valve
Left semilunar valve
Closes as the right ventricles contracts preventing blood from flowing back to the right atrium.
Right AV valve
Closes as the left ventricles contracts preventing blood from flowing back to the left atrium.
Left AV valve
Closes as the left ventricle relaxes preventing blood from flowing back to the left ventricle.
Left semilunar valve
Closes as the right ventricle relaxes preventing blood from flowing back to the right ventricle.
Right semilunar valve
Also called aortic valve
Left semilunar valve
Also called tricuspid valve
Right AV valve
Also called pulmonary or pulmonic valve
Right semilunar valve
Also called bicuspid
Left AV valve
Located at the entrance of pulmonary artery
Right semilunar valve
Located between Left atrium & left ventricle
Left AV valve
Located at the entrance of aorta
Left semilunar valve
Located between the right atrium and right ventricle
Right AV valve
Separates the right and the left ventricles
Interventicular septum
Partition that separates the right and the left atria
Interatrial septum
receives blood supply thru the left and right coronary arteries, and coronary veins return the oxygen depleted blood from the heart muscle back to the heart.
Coronary circulation
The force which was exerted by the blood on the walls of the vessel which is measured by the sphygmomanometer. The blood pressure is the difference between the systolic (pressure during contraction) and diastolic (pressure during relaxation).
Blood Pressure
A rhythmic throbbing resulting from the alternating expansion and contraction of the artery
Pulse
The average heart rate is 72 beats per minute (bpm) and the cardiac output refers to the volume of blood pumped per minute
Heart rate and cardiac output
“lubb” which is the first sound as the ventricles contract or the AV valves close and “dupp” or the second sound which is heard when the semilunar valves close and the ventricles relax.
Origin of heart sounds
Provides the graphical representation of the cardiac cycle’s activity
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Sends electric impulses throughout the myocardium which is initiated by the sinoatrial (SA) node (pacemaker)
Electrical conduction system
Systole (contraction) & diastole (relaxation) which lasts about 0.8 seconds
Cardiac cycle
Disorders of the circulatory system
- Angina pectoris
- Aortic stenosis
- Bacterial endocarditis
4 . congestive heart failure
5 . Myocardial infarction - Pericarditis
Diagnostic tests for heart disorders
✓Arterial Blood Gases (ABG)
✓Aspartate aminotransferase
✓Oxaloacetic transaminase
✓Creatine Kinase (CK)
✓Creatine kinase (CK)
✓Digokin
✓Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)
✓Lactate dehydrogenase (LD)
✓Microbial cultures
✓Myoglobin
✓Potassium (K)
✓Triglycerides
✓Troponin T (Tnt)
the loop which consists of a system of blood vessels through which blood is circulated to the rest of the body
Vascular System
Two divisions of vascular system
- Pulmonary circulation
- Systematic circulation
Structure of the vascular system
✓Arteries
✓Arteriotes
✓Veins
✓Venules
✓Capillaries
Blood vessel structure (Layers)
-outer connective tissue
Tunica Adventitia
Blood vessel structure (Layers)
-middle, muscle and elastic fiber
Tunica media
Blood vessel structure (Layers)
-inner, endothelial cells
Tunica intimia
Disorders of the vascular system
- Aneurysm
- Arteriosclerosis
- Atherosclerosis
- Embolism
- Embolus
- Hemorrhoids
- Phlebitis
- Thrombophlebitis
- Thrombus
10.Varicose veins
Diagnostic Test of the vascular system
✓D-Dimer
✓Fibrin degradation products (FDP)
✓Lipoproteins
✓Prothombin time (PT)
✓Partial thromboplastin time (PTT/APTT)
✓Triglycerides
the red fluid that is transported throughout the body through the circulatory system.
Blood
Two functions of blood
- Arterial Blood
- Venous Blood
Carries oxygen away heart
Arterial blood
Carries carbon dioxide toward heart
Venous Blood
Human blood composed of ___________________Contains gases (02, CO2, N), minerals (Na, K, Ca, Mg), carbs & lipids, proteins, etc
Plasma ang other formed elements
a clear, straw-colored liquid portion of the blood which is 90% water
Plasma
Three components of human blood
- Erythrocytes (red blood coll) - to transport gases
- Leukocytes (white blood cell) - Fight For infections
- Thrombocytes (platelets) - for blood clotting
