Circulatory System Flashcards
Pulmonary Circuit
1) Deoxygenated blood leaves pulmonary arteries to go to lungs
2) Arteries become capillaries and receive oxygen from lungs
3) Oxygenated blood returns to heart
4) Oxygenated blood can now enter systemic circuit, where it is delivered to all the parts of your body
Systemic Circuit
1) Oxygenated blood leaves the heart from the aorta
2) Blood travels through arteries to be delivered to parts of your body
3) Arteries become capillaries so they can deliver oxygen to body cells
4) Deoxygenated blood travels back to the heart through veins
5) Deoxygenated blood finally re-enters heart through the superior vena
cava or inferior vena cava and is ready to return to the pulmonary circuit
Pumonary Circuit: Summary
Pulmonary Arteries (Heart) -> Capillaries -> Lungs -> Pulmonary Veins -> Systemic Circuit
Systemic Circuit: Summary
Aorta (Heart) ->Arteries -> Capillaries -> Body cells -> Veins -> Superior Vena Cava or Inferior Vena Cava (Heart) -> Pulmonary Circuit
Blood Pathway
Deoxygenated
Inferior Vena Ceva (also superior vena ceva I think) -> Right Atrium -> Tricuspid Valve -> Right Ventricle -> Pulmonary Valve -> Pulmonary Artery -> Lungs
Oxygenated
Lungs -> Pulmonary vein -> Left Atrium -> Mitral Valve -> Left Ventricle -> Aortic Valve -> Aorta
Components of blood and their functions. Features of RBCs
Plasma - liquid portion of blood
Red blood cells - carrying oxygen and nutrients
White blood cells - Fights off disease antibodies
Platelets - Helps with blood clotting
Correspond the closing of the types of valves and heart sound “Lub-Dub”
Valves are like doors sound produced are lub = av valves, dub = semilunar valves
Explain how the heartbeat is initiated and controlled in humans. Describe the process of how the heart undergoes contraction. Terms: myogenic, sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) node, Purkinje fibres
SA node (pacemaker) stimulates atria to contract
Signal passed to AV node
Signal travels down septum of the heart and up the ventricle walls through purkinje fibres
Stimulates ventricles to contract
Blood pressure: compare diastolic and systolic blood pressure in humans.
Systolic is higher than diastole 120/80
Describe an electrocardiograph and understand its pattern Terms: P wave, QRS wave, T wave (what happens in each wave)
P = atria contact
QRS = ventricles contact
T = ventricles relax
Be able to describe how the systems work together
Circulatory and digestive system
The circulatory system and digestive system work together as the way and nutrients from the food/chyme are absorbed through villi and capillaries working together. The capillaries from the circulatory system absorb nutrients using the higher surface area of the villi in the small intestine, and distribute them to the rest of the body/cells
Circulatory system and respiratory system
The circulatory system and respiratory system work together, since the respiratory system is dependent on the circulatory systems capillaries to allow oxygen from the lungs to diffuse into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide from the bloodstream to diffuse out.
Surface area is an important concept. Identify where this occurs in each of the systems.
Circulatory system = RBC = have folds to increase surface area, to absorb oxygen and nutrients better
Respiratory system = Alveoli = have a shape to increase surface area, to diffuse oxygen in and CO2 out better (maximize gas exchange)
Digestive system = Villi = have folds to increase surface area, to allow for better absorption of nutrients.
