Circulatory system Flashcards
Biomechanics
Mechanical laws that relate with the movement or structure of
living organisms
Cardiovascular biomechanics
Mechanical laws that relate with the movement or structure of the cardiovascular system.
Applications of cardiovascular biomechanics
Pacemaker, Heart Valve, Aortic endograft, Angioplasty and Stenting
Pulmonary Circulation
Circulation of deoxygenated blood from the hearth to the lungs and back.
Systemic Circulation
Circulation of oxygenated blood from the hearth to the rest of the body.
Functions of cardiovascular system
transportation of red blood cells, defense and healing (white cells and platelets), thermoregulation, maintenance of fluid balances between organs an tissues.
Vasodilatation
Blood vessels widen and increases blood flow. Cold
Vasocontraction
Blood vessels narrow and decreases blood flow. Keeps you warm.
Relaxation Phase / Diastole
Heart expands due to being filled with blood form the venous and pulmonary system.
Contraction Phase / Systole
Heart contracts due to blood being released from the left and right ventricles.
Hearth Valves
Ensures proper flow following pressure difference. There are four valves tricuspid, mitral, pulmonary and aortic valves.
Artery
Transports blood from heart to body. Smaller arteries are called arterioles.
Vein
Transports blood from body to heart. Small veins are called venules.
Capillary
Exchange gas (o2 an co2) from body between arteries and veins.
Tunica Externa (Adventitia)
Outermost layer, consisting of collagen fibers.
Tunica Media (Media)
Layer consisting of smooth muscle, elastin sheets, and collagen fibers.
Tunica Interna (Intima)
The innermost layer consisting of a single layer of endothelial cells.
Heart wall
Epicardium(outer), myocardium(middle), and endocardium(inner)
Chambers of heart wall
Two upper (atrium), two lower (ventricles).
Relationship between Respiratory and Circulatory
Work together to sustain the body with oxygen
Coronary Heart Disease
Lack of blood flow to the heart due to a presence of a plaque build up in the coronary artery.
Aortic Aneurism
Bulge in the aorta caused by the weakening of its walls which rupture and causes internal bleeding.
Ischemic Stroke
Caused by clotting in the carotid artery and supplying the brain with oxygenated blood.
Hemorrhagic stroke
Burst of one of the arteries in the brain causing the flow of blood into its tissue.
