Circulatory System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

why do we need a circulatory system?

A

most multicellular organisms have a transport system
- plants: xylem and phloegm
- animals: circulatory systems

reason?
- simpler organisms can obtain nutrients and dispel waste in a direct exchange with their environment
- multicellular organisms are too large to do this, they need a transport system to bring substances to and away from all cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is blood made of (the circulatory system transports blood)

A

plasma: contains dissolved nutrients, hormones, waste, etc
platelets: perform blood clotting
white blood cells: body’s immune system
red blood cells: transport oxygen & carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

heart

A

double pump, ventricles forcefully push blood out with enough pressure to get the blood through the arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

arteries

A
  • large blood vessels which carry blood AWAY from the heart
  • the blood is under high pressure
  • with the exception of the pulmonary arteries, they carry oxygenated blood to the body’s tissues
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

veins

A
  • large blood vessels which carry blood TO the heart
  • the blood is under low pressure, veins contain valves to ensure that the blood doesnt flow backwards
  • with the exception of the pulmonary veins, they carry deoxygenated blood to the heart from the bodys tissues
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

capillaries

A
  • very small narrow blood vessels (diameter 0.001mm)
  • just fits red blood cells through
  • walls are one cell thick
  • where materials exchanges take place. thinness of capillary walls make diffusion in and out of bloodstream possible
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the two circulation routes + explain

A

pulmonary circulation:
- the right side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs to oxygenate the blood
- it immediately returns to the heart

systemic circulation:
- the left side of the heart pumps blood to the body to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

villi

A
  • specialized for absorption in the small intestine
  • thin wall, one cell thick = shorter diffusion path
  • large surface area = efficient absorption of fatty acids + glycerol into the blood stream
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

hepatic portal system

A
  • veins that carry blood from capillaries of the stomach to capillaries in the liver
  • part of the body’s filtration filter
    main function: deliver de-oxygenated blood to the liver so it can return to the heart
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

desribe hepatic portal vein / superior mesenteric vein / inferior mesenteric vein / gastrosplenic vein

A

hepatic portal vein: main vein connected to liver
inferior mesenteric vein: takes blood from the colon + rectum and connects with the portal vein
superior mesenteric vein: drains blood from the samll intestine and connects w portal vein
gastrosplenic vein: formed by the union of the splenic vein from the spleen and the gastric vein from the stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how do the urinary and cardiovascular systems work together

A

urinary sys = cleans blood in the circulatory sys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how does the cardiovascular sys help maintain homeostasis

A

blood flow must be redirected continually to the tissues to maintain homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly