Circulatory System Flashcards
The heart is located in the (blank)
thorax
inner portion lying directly to the heart
visceral pericardium
a serous sac surrounding the heart
pericardium
outer portion of the pericardium
parietal pericardium
heart muscle, forms the bulk of the heart
myocardium
inner lining of the heart
endocardium
thin-walled; separated by the interatrial septum, receiving chamber
right and left atrium
thick-walled; separated by the interventricular septum, pumping chamber
right and left ventricle
prevents the backflow of blood to the ventricles
semilunar valves (pulmonary and aortic)
prevents backflow of blood into the atria, these valves are under high pressure
atrioventricular valve (tricuspid and mitral)
carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs, for gas exchange
pulmonary trunk
carries oxygen-rich blood to the general circulation
aorta
carries deoxygenated blood to the right atrium
superior vena cava
brings deoxygenated blood to the right atrium from the lower venous circulation
inferior vena cava
4 veins lying posteriorly that bring oxygen blood to the left atrium from the lungs
pulmonary veins
carries blood away from the heart; carries oxygenated blood only (except for the case of the pulmonary artery); with thick wall to cope with the pressure
arteries
transport blood from small arteries to capillaries; with elastic fibers but more smooth muscle
arterioles (resistance vessel)
drains blood from capillaries into veins, for return to the heart; important in inflammation because leukocytes can migrate through the walls.
venules
site of exchange of nutrients and wastes between blood and tissue cells; walls are extremely thin
capillaries
carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart (except pulmonary veins); the deoxygenated form of hemoglobin in venous blood makes it appear darker.
veins
