Circulatory System #1 (9/10/15) Flashcards
What is in blood plasma?
Water, ions, proteins, nutrients, hormones, and waste products
What cells are in blood?
RBC’s, WBC’s, and platelets
What is the hematocrit?
The percentage of the blood volume that is composed of RBC’s.
How do you calculate the hematocrit?
Hematocrit = erythrocyte volume/total volume
________ + _______ + ____ = microcirculation
Arterioles + capillaries + Venules
At what level does the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients and metabolic products occur?
At capillaries
Flow = ?
Flow = (change in pressure)/Resistance
What is Delta Pressure?
Pressure difference in mmg
What is Resistance?
How difficult it is for blood to flow between two points
How can you change resistance?
Change the pressure at one of the points? (Delta Pressure)
What is the most important determinant of changes in resistance?
Changes in vessel radii
What is the path of blood starting at right atrium?
Right atrium - R. AV valve - right ventricle - pulmonary valve - pulmonary trunk - pulmonary arteries - capillaries of lungs - pulmonary veins - left atrium - L. AV valve - left ventricle - Aortic valve - aorta - arteries - arterioles - capillaries - venules - veins - vena cavae
Describe the Parasympathetic innervation of the heart….
Via the Vagus nerve, using Acetylcholine
Describe the Sympathetic innervation of the heart…
- Via thoracic spinal nerves using Norepinephrine
- Epinephrine via bloodstream
The _____ is the hearts pace maker.
Senatorial node * it initiates each wave of excitation with atrial contraction
