Circulatory & Respiratory Systems

Question 1

What are the functions of the circulatory system?

Answer 1

• Bring oxygen, water and nutrients to the cells
• Transport waste such as carbon dioxide away from the cells

Question 2

What are the functions of the respiratory system?

Answer 2

• Supply the body with oxygen
• Remove the waste carbon dioxide

Question 3

What are the 3 processes of the respiratory system?

Answer 3

• Breathing
• Gaseous exchange
• Respiration

Question 4

What is the main process of the circulatory system?

Answer 4

Circulate blood between the heart, lungs and the rest of the body.

Question 5

What are the 3 components of the circulatory system?

Answer 5

• The heart
• The blood vessels
• Blood

Question 6

What is breathing?

Answer 6

The movement of air into and out of the lungs

Question 7

What does breathing consist of?

Answer 7

Inhalation and exhalation

Question 8

What is gaseous exchange?

Answer 8

When oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the lungs and cells.

Question 9

How does gaseous exchange happen?

Answer 9

Through diffusion, where gases move from a high concentration to a low concentration.

Question 10

Name the four chambers of the heart

Answer 10

• Two upper atriums
• Two lower ventricles

Question 11

Name the 3 types of blood vessel

Answer 11

• Arteries
• Capillaries
• Veins

Question 12

What happens at the arteries and what way do they do?

Answer 12

Oxygenated blood leaves the heart at high pressure with thick muscular walls throughout the body

Question 13

What happens at the capillaries?

Answer 13

The arties divide into the smaller, narrower capillaries whereby nearby cells absorb the nutrients, water oxygen in the bloodstream and eject their waste.

Question 14

What are veins and what do they do?

Answer 14

Blood from the capillaries (deoxygenated) move into the thin muscular-walled veins and return the oxygen deprived blood to the heart.

Question 15

Why are the pulmonary arteries and pulmonary veins named differently?

Answer 15

They carry different types of blood.
Your pulmonary arteries carry oxygen-poor blood. Your pulmonary veins carry oxygen-rich blood. They basically do the inverse of what their blood vessel type is supposed to do.

Question 16

What are the alveolis?

Answer 16

They are air sacs surrounded by capillaries and are one layer of cells thick.

Question 17

How does the diaphragm work?

Answer 17

The diaphragm contracts and flattens and the chest cavity enlarges. This contraction creates a vacuum, which pulls air into the lungs. Upon exhalation, the diaphragm relaxes and returns to its domelike shape, and air is forced out of the lungs.

Question 18

Why does the diaphragm work the way it does?

Answer 18

• Increase space in the chest cavity
• Allow inhalation to occur
• Allow for more air to be breathed in

Question 19

What would happen to a person’s body if the diaphragm failed to work?

Answer 19

• They would have reduced breathing capabilities
• They would possibly be unable to control their voluntary breathing
• They would have inadequate and inefficient gas exchange
• In the worst instance, you will suffocate.

Question 20

What would happen if your heart stopped working? (Step - by - Step)

Answer 20

It will lead to a lack of oxygen-rich blood which will result in death. Blood stops flowing to your organs and your cells become deprived of oxygen and nutrients. Due to that, your bodies various systems can no longer work without a constant blood supply.

Question 21

Name all of the components of the circulatory system as if you were the oxygen molecule.

Answer 21

• Nose or nasal cavity
• Pharynx
• Larynx
• Trachea
• Bronchi (Bronchus)
• Bronchioles
• Alveoli

Question 22

What is double circulation? (3 marks)

Answer 22

• It is when blood passes through the heart twice during one complete circulation
• Deoxygenated blood is pumped from the left side of the heart to the lungs where the blood absorbs oxygen (Gaseous Exchange)
• Oxygenated blood returns to the right side of the heart where it is pumped to the rest of the body to deliver oxygen to the cells.

Question 23

What do platelets do?

Answer 23

Help blood clot

Question 24

What do white blood cells do?

Answer 24

Protect the body from infections

Question 25

What do red blood cells do?

Answer 25

Transport oxygen to body cells

Question 26

Describe the relationship between the respiratory and circulatory system

Answer 26

The circulatory system, which is made up of the heart and blood vessels, supports the respiratory system by bringing blood to and from the lungs. The circulatory system helps deliver nutrients and oxygen from the lungs to tissues and organs throughout the body. It also helps remove carbon dioxide and waste products. The respiratory system brings in the required oxygen molecules to the bloodstream and takes out carbon dioxide

Question 27

Describe gaseous exchange in the lungs

Answer 27

• Deoxygenated blood will enter the lungs through the pulmonary artery
• Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the red blood cells
  Oxygenated blood exits the lungs through the pulmonary vein

Question 28

Describe gaseous exchange in the cells

Answer 28

• Oxygenated from the heart enters the capillary network near the cells.
• Oxygen diffuses from red blood cells to body cells
• Carbon dioxide diffuses from body cells into blood
• Deoxygenated blood exits the capillary network at cells and flows back to the heart.