Circulatory and Respiratory

Question 1

1. The subdivisions of the circulatory system are the \_\_\_\_\_, which carries blood to and from the lungs, and the \_\_\_\_\_, which carries blood to and from all other parts of the body.
venous circuit, arterial circuit
pulmonary circuit, systemic circuit
systemic circuit, pulmonary circuit
arterial circuit, venous circuit

Answer 1

1. pulmonary circuit, systemic circuit

Question 2

2. The right coronary artery follows the coronary sulcus around the heart and branches into:
   the right marginal branch and circumflex branch
   the posterior interventricular branch and circumflex branch
   the anterior interventricular branch and circumflex branch
   the posterior interventricular branch and right marginal branch

Answer 2

2. the posterior interventricular branch and right marginal branch

Question 3

3. The border between the atria and the ventricles is a deep groove, the _____, while the boundary lines between the left and right ventricles are shallower depressions, the _____.
   interventricular sulci, coronary sulcus
   interatrial sulcus, coronary sulci
   coronary sulcus, interventricular sulci
   interatrial sulci, interventricular sulcus

Answer 3

3. coronary sulcus, interventricular sulci

Question 4

4. The three arteries that branch from the celiac artery to supply the digestive organs are:
   left gastric, common hepatic, splenic
   common gastric, left splenic, hepatic
   suprarenal, renal, lumbar
   superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric, splenic

Answer 4

4. left gastric, common hepatic, splenic

Question 5

5. What would happen if the papillary muscles failed to contract?
the ventricles would not pump blood
blood would not enter the atria
the semilunar valves would not open
the AV valves would not close properly

Answer 5

5. the AV valves would not close properly

Question 6

6. The connective tissue sheath of the \_\_\_\_\_ functions to stabilize and anchor the blood vessel of which it is a layer.
tunica externa
tunica media
tunica intima
tunica interna

Answer 6

6. tunica externa

Question 7

7. The pulmonary circuit begins with the:
left pulmonary artery
right pulmonary artery
right ventricle
pulmonary trunk

Answer 7

7. right ventricle

Question 8

8. The three large, elastic arteries that originate along the aortic arch and that deliver blood to the head, neck, shoulders and upper extremity are the:
   right subclavian, brachiocephalic, left common carotid
   brachiocephalic, left subclavian, right subclavian
   brachiocephalic, left common carotid, left subclavian
   right common carotid, left common carotid, brachiocephalic

Answer 8

8. brachiocephalic, left common carotid, left subclavian

Question 9

9. The large blood vessel that collects most of the venous blood from organs located below the level of the diaphragm is the:
azygos vein
common iliac
great saphenous vein
inferior vena cava

Answer 9

9. inferior vena cava

Question 10

12. The inner surface of the thoracic wall is covered by the \_\_\_\_\_, while the outer surfaces of the lungs are covered by the \_\_\_\_\_.
serous pleura, mucous pleura
parietal pleura, visceral pleura
thoracic pleura, lobar pleura
visceral pleura, serous pleura

Answer 10

12. parietal pleura, visceral pleura

Question 11

13. Which of the following structures are included in the lower respiratory system?
    bronchi, respiratory bronchioles, alveolar sacs, alveoli
    trachea, lungs, respiratory bronchioles, alveoli
    pharynx, larynx, bronchi, lungs
    larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

Answer 11

13. larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

Question 12

14. The following sequence lists veins carrying a drop of blood from the leg to the heart. Which vein is missing? Posterior tibial, popliteal, femoral, common iliac, inferior vena cava.
deep femoral
great saphenous
internal iliac
external iliac

Answer 12

14. external iliac

Question 13

16. Which of the following carry exclusively oxygen-rich blood?
systemic arteries, systemic veins
pulmonary veins, systemic arteries
pulmonary arteries, systemic arteries
pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins

Answer 13

16. pulmonary veins, systemic arteries

Question 14

18. The respiratory system cooperates with the circulatory system to:
help control body fluid pH
help regulate blood pressure
help regulate blood volume
all of the above

Answer 14

18. all of the above

Question 15

19. The veins draining digestive organs (other than the liver) flow into a network in which a blood vessel connects two capillary beds. This system is known as the:
renal portal system
hepatic sinusoids
hepatic portal system
anastomosis of veins

Answer 15

19. hepatic portal system

Question 16

20. The pacemaker of the heart:
    is in the atrioventricular (AV) node
    is slowed by stimulation of the vagus nerve
    increases its rate of firing with an increase in body temperature
    both b and c

Answer 16

20. both b and c

Question 17

21. In which selection are the pharyngeal region and its lining correctly paired?
    nasopharynx, pseudostratified columnar epithelium
    oropharynx, stratified squamous epithelium
    laryngopharynx, stratified squamous epithelium
    all of the above

Answer 17

21. all of the above

Question 18

22. The most important muscles of respiration are:
    external and internal intercostals, scalenes, serratus anterior
    external and internal intercostals, rectus abdominus, abdominal obliques
    external and internal intercostals, diaphragm
    diaphragm, abdominal obliques, rectus abdominus

Answer 18

22. external and internal intercostals, diaphragm

Question 19

23. The strong, tendinous cords called chordae tendinae:
    strengthen the interventricular septum
    prevent the atrioventricular valves from everting
    form the fibrous skeleton of the heart
    support the pericardium surrounding the heart

Answer 19

23. prevent the atrioventricular valves from everting

Question 20

24. A person's blood pressure is generally taken with a cuff around the humerus where constriction is applied to the:
subclavian artery
ulnar artery
brachial artery
radial artery

Answer 20

24. brachial artery

Question 21

25. Which of the following represents the correct sequence in which inspired air flows?
    choanae, pharynx, nasal fossae, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
    nasal fossae, pharynx, larynx, choanae, trachea, bronchi, lungs
    nasal fossae, choanae, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
    choanae, nasal fossae, larynx, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

Answer 21

25. nasal fossae, choanae, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

Question 22

26. The functional units of the respiratory system where gas exchange occurs are the:
alveoli
terminal bronchioles
pulmonary vessels
lungs

Answer 22

26. alveoli

Question 23

27. The region where a bronchus and pulmonary vessel enter and exit the lungs is called:
the cupola
the hilum
the apex
the capsule

Answer 23

27. the hilum

Question 24

28. The vocal chords are attached to the:
cricoid and thyroid cartilages
cuneiform and cricoid cartilages
corniculate and thryoid cartilages
arytenoid and thryoid cartilages

Answer 24

28. arytenoid and thryoid cartilages

Question 25

29. Which of the following does not branch off of the abdominal aorta?
the coronaries
the superior mesenteric artery
the renal artery
the celiac artery

Answer 25

29. the coronaries

Question 26

30. At any given moment, which cardiovascular components contain the most blood?
all capillaries and arterioles
the systemic veins and venules
the entire pulmonary circuit
the heart and systemic arteries

Answer 26

30. the systemic veins and venules

Question 27

32. The blood vessels whose histological structure permits a two-way exchange of substances between blood and body cells are the:
capillaries
arterioles
venules
all of the above

Answer 27

32. capillaries

Question 28

33. Venous blood from the tissues and organs of the head, neck, chest, shoulders and upper extremities is received by the:
jugular veins
subclavian veins
superior vena cava
inferior vena cava

Answer 28

33. superior vena cava

Question 29

34. Of the following, which is NOT one of the great vessels of the heart?
pulmonary arteries
coronary arteries
superior vena cava
pulmonary veins

Answer 29

34. coronary arteries

Question 30

35. Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning the right atrium?
    it receives venous blood through three openings
    the sinoatrial node is contained within the posterior wall
    when contracted, it empties across the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle
    all of the above

Answer 30

35. Sinoatrial node is contained on posterior

Question 31

36. The most common site for taking a person's pulse is the:
radial artery
median artery
carotid artery
brachial artery

Answer 31

36. radial artery

Question 32

37. The most common site for taking blood samples is the:
brachial vein
ulnar vein
median cubital vein
brachial artery

Answer 32

37. median cubital vein

Question 33

40. The way in which arteries of the pulmonary circuit differ from those of the systemic circuit is that:
    there is no difference
    they carry deoxygenated blood
    they have a thicker tunica media
    they carry a greater proportion of the blood volume

Answer 33

40. they carry deoxygenated blood