circulation drugs

Question 1

Analgesia

Answer 1

• IV opiates; moprhine, fentanyl

Question 2

contraindications of IV opiates

Answer 2

• supressed respiration
• constipation
• sedative effects
• hypotension
• nausea/vomitting (aspiration if sedated)

Question 3

anti-emetics

Answer 3

• cyclyzine 50mg; stings when administered IV (must be given slowly). can aslo be addictive (gives a buzz)
• metoclopramide 10mg
• manage nausea & vomitting
• work on neural pathways involved with vomitting

Question 4

streptokinase

Answer 4

thrombolytics
* breakdown blocked artery’s clot
* activates plasminogen to from plasmin, which degrades fibrin and breaks up clot

Question 5

contraindications of thrombolytics

Answer 5

• not suitable for many people; those who are on anticoagulants or have haemorhagic stroke (due to risk of bleeding)

Question 6

nitrates (GTN)

Answer 6

• used to prevent and treat angina symptoms
• vasodilatory actions; increases blood flow and perfusion

Question 7

contraindications of GTN

Answer 7

• excess use can cause hypotension, dizziness and lightheadedness

Question 8

beta-blockers

Answer 8

metoprolol
bisoprolol

• used to manage abnormal heart rhythms & protect heart from second MI
• block the release of stress hormones adrenaline & noradrenaline;thus slowing down the heart

Question 9

anti-platelet therapy

Answer 9

aspirin 300mg
ticagrelor 180mg
clopidogrel (dual anti-platelet)

• prevents clots from clumping together
• aims to re-perfuse heart

Question 10

diuretic

Answer 10

furosemide

• reduce fluid build up in the body

Question 11

contraindications of diuretics

Answer 11

• can lower BP

Question 12

anti-coagulant

Answer 12

LMW (low molecular weight) Heparin
- prevents thrombus formation and thus second MIs

• dalteparin
• Enoxaparin

Question 13

contraindications of anti-coagulants

Answer 13

haemmorhage