Circulation and the heart

Question 1

What are arterioles?

Answer 1

They are small vessels split from arteries.

Question 2

Does humans have a single or double circulatory system? Describe the process.

Answer 2

Double circulatory system.
This means blood flows through the heart twice in one circuit.
Deoxygenated blood is pumped to the lungs.
Oxygenated blood is pumped around the body.

Question 3

Name all the valves in the heart.

Answer 3

Tricuspid valve
Bicuspid/Mitral valve
Pulmonary valve
Aortic valve

Question 4

Explains the process of blood clotting.

Answer 4

Platelets stimulate the release of thromboplastin.
Thromboplastin is a plasma protein which converts prothrombin to thrombin.
Thrombin is an enzyme that converts fibrinogen into fibrin.
Fibrin is insoluble and it forms a kind of mesh over the damaged site, trapping cells and forming a blood clot.

Question 5

What is the role of the aorta and vena cava?

Answer 5

Aorta is respopnsible for carrying oxygenated blood from around the heart all around the body.
Vena canva is responsible for carrying deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart.

Question 6

Name all the chambers in the heart

Answer 6

Left atrium
Right atrium
Left ventricle
Right ventricle

Question 7

What are the stucures and functions of a vein?

Answer 7

Veins transports blood back to the heart.
The lumen of veins is wider than the arteries which allows the blood to flow at low pressure.
There is a thin muscle wall and elastic tissue in the vein walls.
Valves are located throughout the veins to ensure blood flows towards the heart.

Question 8

List 2 of the structures of a capillary

Answer 8

One cell wall thick (for short diffusion).
Large surface area.
Close to body cells

Question 9

What are the strcuture and function of an artery

Answer 9

Arteries transport blood away from the heart to the organs.
Artery walls have thick layers of muscle which maintain a high pressure so blood can be pumped around the body.
Elastic fibres in the artery wall allow the arteries to stretch.
The endothelium is folded which also allows the arteries to stretch.

Question 10

does jas love kacey?

Answer 10

ofc he does but he would never admit it

Question 11

What are platelets?

Answer 11

They are found in blood cells and they stick to blood vessels when a damage can be found.

Question 12

What is the functions of a valve?

Answer 12

It prevents backflow of blood in the heart and veins.

Question 13

Describes the roles of the pulmonary artery and vein.

Answer 13

Pulmonary artery is responsible for deoxygenated blood from the heart ot the lungs.
Pulmonary vein is responsible for carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart