Circuits Flashcards
Filament bulb
Turns electrical energy into light energy
Cell
Provides energy/power
Battery
More than one cell
Motor
Turn eletrical energy into kinetic energy
Open switch/Closed switch
Break the circuit
Ametre
Measures current
Resistor
Restricts the flow of current
Voltmeter
Measures voltage
LED
Transfers eletrical energy into light energy
LDR
Resistance changes if subject to light
Variable resistor
Can change resistance manually
Capacitor
Stores charge
Thermistor
Resistance changes with temperature
Fuse
Melts if too much current flows through
Diode
Only allows current to flow one way
Kirchoffs 1st law
The total current into a junction Is always equal to the total current out of a junction
Current in a series circuit
Always remains the same
Current in a parallel circuit
Current after the split tables the same as before the split.
Electro motive force (EMF)
(Energy into a circuit)
the energy given to each charge
Potential difference
(Energy out of a circuit)
The energy change by each charge
Kirchoffs 2nd law
The EMF of a circuit is always equal to the total P.D of each path an electron can take in the circuit
Total resistance in a series circuit equation
Rt=r1+r2+r3
In a series circuit, each electron will here to pass all the resistors
Total resistance in a parallel circuit equation
1/Rt= 1/r1 + 1/r2 + 1/r3
In a parallel circuit the total resistance is always smaller than the smallest resistance in each loop of the circuit
Ohms law
The current flowing through a device is directly proportional to the potential difference across that device at a constant temperature
Directly proportional
If one variable decreases or increases by a factor. The other does the same by the same factor.
What is an LDR made Of?
semiconductors. Semiconductors are not very good at conducting electricity, unless they’re given energy to release the electrons into their atoms. The light provides better energy to these atoms so the brighter it is, the better a conductor the LDR is, and the lower the resistance
Inversely proportional
If one increases by a factor the other decreases by the same factor
Directly proportional
If one increases the other does by the same factor
