CID- DERMATOLOGY_CH_2 Flashcards
What is the scientific study of the skin and its diseases called?
Dermatology
What does histology study in relation to the skin?
The microscopic study of the structure of tissues
What are the three main layers of the skin?
- Epidermis
- Dermis
- Hypodermis
How many layers does the epidermis have?
5 layers
What is the inner part of the epidermis known as?
Germinative Zone
What is the outer part of the epidermis known as?
Horny Zone
What are the five layers of the epidermis?
- Stratum Germinativum
- Stratum Spinosum
- Stratum Granulosum
- Stratum Lucidum
- Stratum Corneum
What is another name for the Stratum Germinativum?
Basal Layer or part of Malpighian Layer
What occurs in the Stratum Germinativum?
Cell division or mitosis
What specialized cells are responsible for the formation and distribution of melanin?
Melanocytes
What is the function of Merkel cells?
Assist in the function of touch
What are Langerhans cells responsible for?
Immune defense against microbes
What is the function of the cell membrane?
Separates extracellular material from intracellular material
What is the control center of the cell?
Nucleus
What are the three parts of a cell?
- Cell membrane
- Nucleus
- Cytoplasm
What is the basic biological unit of all known organisms?
Cell
What is the term for the process of melanin production?
Pigmentogenesis
What amino acid is converted into melanin by melanocytes?
Tyrosine
What pigment gives the skin its yellow color?
Carotene
What are the two types of hemoglobin mentioned that affect skin color?
- Oxyhemoglobin
- Reduced hemoglobin
True or False: Melanocytes are more productive in darker skin.
True
Fill in the blank: The Stratum Corneum is the _______ layer of the epidermis.
outer visible or dead
What is the primary function of the Stratum Corneum?
Prevents evaporation of moisture from the skin’s surface
What is the term for the first stage of the keratinization process?
Stratum Granulosum
