CIC Terms Flashcards
1
Q
Contamination
A
- microorganism presence
- no signs/symptoms of infection
2
Q
Biofilm
A
- thick film composed of cells and extra cellular materials
- protects microorganisms from disinfectant or antibiotic exposure
3
Q
Chain of Infection
A
- Causative agent
- reservoir
- portal of exit
- mode of transmission
- portal of entry
- susceptible host
4
Q
Exotoxins
A
- kills o immobilizes host cellular defenses
- usually secreted by gram + bacteria
- Examples: toxins A&B from C. difficile & Panton-Valentine leukocidin from MRSA
5
Q
Endotoxins
A
- Surface component of gram negative bacteria
- Not destroyed by boiling or autoclaving
- sets off cascade responses, such as fever, swelling, vascular leaking, pain, shock
- Example: cholera toxin -increased GI tract fluid secretions
6
Q
Colonization
A
- microorganism presence & growth (normal flora or pathogens)
- no tissue invasion or damage
- no infection
7
Q
IgG
A
- major circulating extravascular antibody
- late occurring
- Detects past exposure
8
Q
IgA
A
- secretory antibody
- resides in mucous membranes
- present in breast milk, saliva, tissues from bladder, prostate and GI tract
9
Q
IgE
A
- antibody associated with allergies
- stimulates release of histamine and inflammatory substances
10
Q
IgM
A
- first responding antibody after exposure
- intravascular
- usually present soon after and up to 6 months from exposure
11
Q
IgD
A
- antibody present on lymphocyte surface
- determines lymphocyte antigen specificity
12
Q
Neutrophils
A
- first in inflammatory response
- “left shift” - many immature neutrophils
- low neutrophil count - high infection risk
- absolute neutrophil count= total WBC times percentage of mature & immature neutrophils
13
Q
Basophils
A
- allergic response
- contain histamine
- no infection response
14
Q
Endospores
A
-survive heat, lack of water and exposure to toxic chemicals
-vegetative state until condition ideal to reproduce.
Examples:
15
Q
Eosinophils
A
- hypersensitivity reactions
- parasite response
