Church History Notes

Question 1

Clement of Rome

Answer 1

30-100 AD
Apostolic Father
Mentioned in Philippians 4:3 - coworker of Paul
I Clement: From Rome to Corinth; chastisement; ends in prayer

Question 2

Polycarp

Answer 2

69-155 AD
Apostolic Father
Instructed by Apostle John
Martyred at age 86
companion of Papias (80-130)

Question 3

Ignatius

Answer 3

35-117 AD
Apostolic Father
7 letters to Asia Minor

Question 4

Papias

Answer 4

80-130
Apostolic Father

Question 5

Justin Martyr

Answer 5

100-163
Apologist
Appeared before Emperor Antonius Pius
Conversion to XR = conversion to true philosophy

Question 6

Tatian

Answer 6

110-172
Apologist
“Oration to the Greeks”
Ancient teachings of Moses

Question 7

Theophilus

Answer 7

?-181
Apologist
Letter to Autolycus - expresses God’s infinite character but also his loving nature - good, kind, powerful.

Question 8

Tertullian

Answer 8

155-220 (converted 196)
Apologist

Question 9

Clement of Alexandria

Answer 9

150-215
Early Church Father

Question 10

Origen

Answer 10

185-254
Early Church Father
Many, many written works
“Hexapla”
Apologetic Work: “Contra Celsum”
Universalism + Subordination of Son

Question 11

Irenaeus

Answer 11

115-202
Early Church Father
Bishop of Lyons

Question 12

Eusebius

Answer 12

263-339
Nicene Father

Question 13

Athanasius

Answer 13

296-373
Nicene Father
Bishop of Alexandria

Question 14

Gregory of Nazianzus

Answer 14

330-390
Post-Nicene Father

Question 15

Gregory of Nyssa

Answer 15

330-394
Post-Nicene Father

Question 16

Basil

Answer 16

329-379
Post-Nicene Father

Question 17

John Chrysostom

Answer 17

374-407
Post-Nicene Father
Bishop of Constantinople

Question 18

Cyril

Answer 18

376-444
Post-Nicene Father

Question 19

Ambrose

Answer 19

340-397
Post-Nicene Father

Question 20

Jerome

Answer 20

345-420
Post-Nicene Father

Question 21

Augustine of Hippo

Answer 21

354-430
Post-Nicene Father
Converted 386
Bishop of Hippo
“Confessions”
“City of God”
Wrote against Pelagius

Question 22

Constantine

Answer 22

Emperor of Rome
Legalized Christianity
Called the Council of Nicaea 325 AD

Question 23

Gregory I

Answer 23

Late 6th Century
Wealthiest man in Rome
Paid troops of Rome with church’s money
Begins heavy clerical involvement of civil affairs
Beginning of Medieval Era
600 AD: sent Augustine of Canterbury as missionary to Anglo-Saxons

Question 24

Willibrord

Answer 24

7th-8th century
Apostle to the Frisians and the Lowlands

Question 25

Winfrid

Answer 25

Also called Boniface
7th-8th Century
Apostle to the Germans
Felled the oak of Thor and died for it.

Question 26

Columbanus

Answer 26

6th century
Apostle to the Franks and Lombards (Gaul and Italy)

Question 27

Bede

Question 28

Alcuin

Answer 28

Primary teacher of the Carolingian Renaissance (8th-9th century)

Question 29

Lindisfarne Gospels

Answer 29

Beautifully adorned and carefully preserved copies of Scripture that displayed a love for Word of God
Product of Northumbrian Renaissance (650-750)

Question 30

Codex Amiatinus

Answer 30

A product of Northumbrian Renaissance (650-750)

Question 31

Northumbrian Renaissance

Answer 31

650-750
Expansion of learning
Commentaries of the Venerable Bede
Lindisfarne Gospels
Codex Amiatinus

Question 32

Lombard

Question 33

Carolingian Renaissance

Answer 33

Compulsory education of boys
Compulsory conversion to Christianity
Alcuin of York a primary teacher
Resulted in much scriptorial work, making many manuscripts extant today

Question 34

Gratian

Question 35

Thomas Aquinas

Question 36

Gnosticism

Answer 36

A religion that syncretized with Christianity.
-Aeons; secret knowledge; 2nd century

Question 37

Docetism

Answer 37

Heresy;
Jesus only ‘seemed’ human.’

Question 38

Minucius Felix

Answer 38

Apologist
Addresses the donkey accusation (Alexamenos)
Allegations of incest and cannibalism answered

Question 39

Aristedes

Answer 39

Apologist
Appeared before Hadrian
From beauty of nature to the reality of God

Question 40

“Letter to Diognetus”

Answer 40

Anonymous
To the tutor of Marcus Aurelus
Mockery of idolatry.
What soul is to body, Christians are to the world

Question 41

Marcion

Question 42

Mani

Question 43

Praxeas

Question 44

Sabellius

Question 45

Paul of Samosata

Question 46

Arius

Question 47

Pelagius

Answer 47

Inherent good of man
Act according to created strength
Human nature not fallen

Question 47

Semi-Pelagian

Answer 47

No fixed number of elect
Some are saved by God’s initiative, others by their own merits
Man capable of making the first move.

Question 48

Goths and Vandals

Answer 48

Goths sack Rome in 410
Vandals ransacked by Vandals in 450
Result: until 600, Arian Christianity of these people groups was the Christianity of many in Europe and North Africa

Question 49

Augustine of Canterbury

Answer 49

Evangelist to Anglo-Saxons of Britain (600s)

Question 50

Patrick

Answer 50

Missionary to Irish
Captured at 16 years of age, brought to Ireland
Escaped at 22 years of age (406 AD), returned to England.
Eventually took up missions in Ireland, baptizing about 10,000; founded 300 churches

Question 51

Ninian

Answer 51

Missionary to Picts of Scotland

Question 52

Division of Medieval periods

Answer 52

Early Medieval Christianity 600-1050
High/Middle Medieval Christianity 1050-1300
Late Medieval Christianity 1300-1500

Question 53

Dark Ages

Answer 53

A subset of Medieval Era
c. 850-1050
Term invented by 16th century humanists to dismiss the learning of men b/w classical Rome and themselves as “backwards.”