church history final part two

Question 1

signed in 1648, confirmed Peace of Ausburg - granted religious tolerance; decimated the Holy Roman Empire

Answer 1

Treaty of Westphalia and its major provisions

Question 2

king louis XIII

Answer 2

made an interesting political move where he backed protestanst over catholics in order to make France the dominant power and reduce Holy Roman Empire’e power

Question 3

four gallican articles

Answer 3

independent of pope and church councils

Question 4

edict of nantes

Answer 4

ended wars of religion, gave religious freedom

Question 5

civil constitution of clergy

Answer 5

removed the rights of the catholic clergy during the french revolution, many refused to sign leading to many clergy martyred

Question 6

Congregation of the Propagation of the Faith, Pope Gregory XV

Answer 6

created to send missionaries to the new world

Question 7

Pope Pius IX/”Pio Nono”

Answer 7

proclaimed dogma of Immaculate Conception

Question 8

Daniel O’Connell

Answer 8

First Catholic in the British Parliament (1828-30)

Question 9

Charles Darwin/Social Darwinism

Answer 9

wrote the origin of species

Question 10

rerum novarum

Answer 10

author was Leo XIII

Question 11

“Kulturkampf” and German Unifiication

Answer 11

attempt to dominate the church in order to promote german culture

Question 12

Law of Guarantees/The Roman Question

Answer 12

stripped the pope of the papal state

Question 13

vatican I

Answer 13

did not declare that everything the pope says is infallible

Question 14

(1915-1968) was a English teacher then became a priest. He was a monk. Also he was a American Catholic writer and he wrote many books. Such as: Seven Strong Mountains.

Answer 14

thomas merton

Question 15

born November 8, 1897. Her family never went to Church growing up. When she grew older she became more interested in the Bible which allowed her faith to grow. Her contributions were: help in the Catholic workers movement. She made her last appearance in the Catholic Church. She died of a heart attack on November 29 1980.

Answer 15

dorothy day

Question 16

She did religious work. She was a missionary sister of the Sacred heart. Established 67 houses. Also she is the saint of immigrants.

Answer 16

Mother Frances Xavier Cabrini

Question 17

charles carroll

Answer 17

only catholic to sign declaration of independence, big advocate for religious freedom

Question 18

born December 18, 1819. He grew up Protestant. He studied. Philoophy and that is what he chose to learn about. He was famous because of the speeches in the streets. He was then baptized. He became famous and converted many immigrants. Next, he became a priest and went to Rome to speak. He founded Paulist Priests.

Answer 18

isaac hecker

Question 19

born on March 28, 1811, died Jan. 5 1860. He became a priest and eventually a bishop. Became a Redemptorist. He built churches, schools in Philadelphia. Was able to listen to confessions in 6 different languages. He established diocesan program called 40 hours. Established two catechisms. He was big on Catholic education.

Answer 19

John Neumann

Question 20

Born on November 27 1713. He became a novice then a priest. Tried to convert Native Americans. Died after 97 years. Became a saint. He studied philoposhy. He built 9 out of 21 California missions.

Answer 20

st. Junipero serra

Question 21

Discuss the event that gave birth to the Protestant Reformation. Include the people involved, the event, etc. Explain the reaction of the Church to Luther’s teaching.

Answer 21

In 1517, Martin Luther posts his 95 Theses which speak of the corruption in the church and the reform needed for the Roman Catholic Church; one of them detailed the corruption of indulgences which was a practice of the church that were tickets out of purgatory to heaven, luther described them as false promises of forgiveness. Johann Tetzel was a friar who was raising money to rebuild St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome by selling indulgences. Indulgences were not supposed to affect God’s right to judge. Unfortunately, he gave people the impression that by buying indulgences, they could buy their way into heaven. Pope Leo X, the one who sold indulgences in order to rebuild St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome, tried to get Luther to recant his criticisms of the church; condemned him an outlaw and a heretic when he would not do so; banned his ideas and excommunicated him from the church. Luther’s idea of salvation derived from St Paul who said “the just shall live by faith”. Luther said the way to heaven was inner faith not outward actsLuther claimed the bible was the supreme authority, not the pope. He was helped by the printing press to spread his ideas across Europe.

Question 22

How did Rerum Novarum respond to communism and unregulated capitalism in the 1880s?

Answer 22

It responded to class warfare negatively; the working class and wealthy class are intended to be in conflict is wrong, they should be in harmony. The two classes need each other, capitol cannot do without labor and nor labor without capitol. The church believes in private ownership; private ownership is permitted because if man works & cultivates the land, he should possess that piece of land and own it with no one being justified in taking it away.

Question 23

The Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy (Sacrosanctum Concilium)

Answer 23

• Addresses the changes in the liturgy/mass

- “All the faithful should be lead to that fully conscious and active participation in liturgical celebrations” (1963)

Question 24

Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation (Dei Verbum)

Answer 24

• Speaks of revelation as, above all, a personal interaction between God and humanity
• Recognizes that there is growth in our understanding of revelation
• The document acknowledges the contributions of Scripture scholar
• Encourages all the faithful to read the Bible and apply it to their daily lives

Question 25

Dogmatic Constitution on the Church (Lumen Gentium)

Answer 25

• Theme is the people of God
  Calls for an increase in shared authority, or collegiality, among the pope and bishops
• Claims that the laity share fully in the mission of the Church

Question 26

Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World (Guadium et Spes)

Answer 26

• Document came about from the determination that the Council must also examine the Church’s relationship to the world at large
• Underlines the importance of reading the “signs of the times” in order that the Church might respond to the world in which we live
• Addressed to all people and expresses hope for dialogue

Question 27

Mit Brennender Sorge (“With Burning Worry”)

Answer 27

papal encylical that condemned nazi extremism

Question 28

St. Maximilian Kolbe

Answer 28

franciscan priest killed in auschwitz in place of a father + husband

Question 29

Pope Pius XII - (1939-1958)

Answer 29

righteous gentile

Question 30

nazism

Answer 30

blend of nationalistic totalitarianism racism aimed at jews

Question 31

modernism

Answer 31

Pius X called it the compendium of all heresies

Question 32

The Lateran Treaty

Answer 32

recognized vatican as an independent state

Question 33

Pope Benedict XV (1914-1922)

Answer 33

pope during world war I

Question 34

the roman question

Answer 34

used to describe the difficulties between the Vatican and the Italian Government

Question 35

marxist communism

Answer 35

most dangerous movement to come out of WWI

Question 36

or “Peace on Earth” wrote to express the ideas of St. John XXIII. Included fundamental Christian concepts. Presses for the end of the cold war.

Answer 36

pacem in terris

Question 37

vatican II

Answer 37

Pope John announced the creation. Shocked the world because the world had not seen a ecumenical council in over 100 years. Found new set of operating principles for the Roman Catholic Church.