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church history 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

3 methodological assumptions that affect how we view history

A
  1. History is a story of sinners2. Church History is theological - history is always driving to a theol point3. Smallest events have big outcomes
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2
Q

overarching question for this course?

A

what happened in 1517

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3
Q

in the context of medieval church what are the 2 areas of study?

A
  1. the view from the laity2. the view from top - officials in the church
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4
Q

What are the 6 influences effecting lay life?

A
  1. Personal Piety2. Rural / Agrarian context3. Mortality rates4. Volatile economy5. Social hierarchy6. the Mass
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5
Q

Personal Piety

A

people took their spirituality seriously b/c it was a world w/o many answers

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6
Q

Rural and agrarian

A
  • 80% didn’t live in cities- by this time most were out on farms- very small life in the village
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7
Q

Mortality rates

A
  • 55-60% didn’t live to see teen yrs- bad views of medicine - “good humor”- men married 4x’s or so - 50/50 die in birth
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8
Q

Volatile economy

A
  • church declared can’t lend $ w/ interest- most bartered and traded- inflation up and down- debasing the coin - mixing metal - worth less and buy less- famine, plagues, why didn’t move into cities- no plumbing - pigs were trash collectors
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9
Q

Social Hierarchy

A

NAME?

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10
Q

overall life then

A
  • avg age - 40’s-50’s- mortality, disease, death part of life- middle class beginning to form
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11
Q

what role does religion play in your life in this context?

A

NAME?

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12
Q

As a result the center of life was…

A

THE MASS

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13
Q

MASS was the center of …

A

LIFE

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14
Q

in Catholic theology it is the ….

A

CORE of life

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15
Q

If you live in the context of death and struggle mass…

A

becomes a magical moment

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16
Q

if you don’t go to confession..

A

Christ doesn’t die for your sins to forgive them

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17
Q

confession makes you eligible for…

A

going to mass

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18
Q

when you see Christ ….

A

re-sacrificed for you

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19
Q

What is the view of mass?

A

NAME?

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20
Q

When the wafer and chalice held up - they saw…

A

Christ right there…

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21
Q

the sacrifice is for your….

A

immediate sins

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22
Q

They began to see eucharist as ….

A

magical

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23
Q

hoc est corpus meum - this is my body…

A

hocus pocus

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24
Q

people began to worship…

A

the sacrament

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25
Q

they felt…

A

unworthy to take it

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26
Q

they had to come once a year and they began to notice the people were..

A

staying away

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27
Q

this is why protestants never…

A

hold up the sacraments but point down at them on the table

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28
Q

what is the major problem at this point?…

A

NAME?

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29
Q

Luther literally took them at thier …

A

word and tried to confess EVERYTHING

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30
Q

this created in him a …

A

neurosis - Christmas tree problem

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31
Q

people were filled with anxiety because they didn’t know when they died if they were…

A

truly forgiven

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32
Q

Catholic historians admit to..

A

doing a bad job of educating lay people

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33
Q

people felt so unworthy they even…

A

flogged themselves b/c they felt so sinful - trying to deal with guilty conscience

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34
Q

Now view from the top ….

A

official doctrine and practice

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35
Q

What were the weaknesses of the Cath ch?

A

structural weaknesses

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36
Q

what was the thrust of those weaknesses?

A

corruption at the top that runs through the organization

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37
Q

When was the Babylonian Captivity?

A

1309-1377

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38
Q

What happened in the Bab Captivity?

A

Pope got in a fight w/ French king who then had him killed 1308 - that execution began the Bap Cap of the church

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39
Q

Why was it called that?

A

metaphor - play on Isr’s captivity by Bab- French King now has a French Pope and he wants to move the papacy to southern France - Avignon, FR- Fr king has Fr pope in Fr and controls it there for 70 yrs - not IN ROME- MAJOR EMBARRASSMENT - the pyramid was a puppet

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40
Q

1377 the Fr King let them go from…

A

pressure from other countries to move back to Rome

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41
Q

When that pope died what was the fear?

A

that Fr would put a new Fr pope on throne

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42
Q

How did they elect a pope?

A

lock Cardinals in a room and don’t let em out til they’ve decided - white smoke or black out the chimney if they’ve decided or not- jamming spears under the floor to elect an Italian pope - threat of death

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43
Q

what was the result?

A

Fr got mad and went back to Fr and elected ANOTHER POPE to rule from Avignon- NOW - have 2 popes both saying they’re in succession of Peter and claiming the throne- then they tried to get rid of those 2 and actually got a 3rd!! - 3 POPES!!! - just 100 yrs before Luther

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44
Q

So for 100 yrs (1309 to 1417) have a ….

A

world that needs hierarchy and can’t decide who’s in charge

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45
Q

1378 to 1417 then was called

A

the Great Schism

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46
Q

Another Major Issue at the Top….

A

Moral Corruption

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47
Q

Name the categories of MORAL corruptions

A

NAME?

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48
Q

what was Simony?

A
  • from Simon the magician - how much can I pay you to do miracles- buying the office- if you’re rich and want to be richer & more powerful - you could borrow money and take over regions - office is bought - more than one even…
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49
Q

what was Pluralism?

A

holding more than one office at the same time - be a bishop of like 5 diocese at once

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50
Q

what was the concept of VICAR?

A

NAME?

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51
Q

what was Absenteeism?

A

you were supposed to stay in your post

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52
Q

what was Breakdown of Celibacy?

A
  • all priests and clergy were supposed to be celibate unless the price is right!- Germ and Netherlands - had concubines 1 out of 3 clergy - a common law spouse- married but no ceremony - priests fall in love - pay tax to break the rule
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53
Q

why was this shocking?

A

b/c the Priest was supposed to be an extension of the mass- they were supposed to be celibate and poor and they were neither!

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54
Q

what was Greed?

A

NAME?

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55
Q

they were never…

A

taxed while others were overtaxed - they lived ABOVE the law and not the morally pure people they were supposed to be

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56
Q

So Summary of weakness…

A

NAME?

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57
Q

What was the Doctrinal Corruption?

A

NAME?

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58
Q

who held the minority view on justification?

A

Augustinians Majority view was - Medieval Catholic view

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59
Q

What was the minority view?

A

Schola Augustinia moderna- Gregory of Rimini - 1300-1358- Luther came from this

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60
Q

What was the majority view?

A
  • combined Augustine’s emphasis on the priority of grace with a Semi-Pelagian view that sinners must cooperate with grace to receive salvation
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61
Q

what was the “loop de loop”?

A

Birth- baptismal regeneration - entry into church - state of grace - (circle back) sin - confession - absolution - penance - state of grace - (back to sin cycle) or - death - purgatory removes remaining sins - heaven

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62
Q

baptism belief

A
  • at baptism - orig sin is wiped away and HS comes into your life (infused)- force baptism b/c blv HS comes in and now you working for it- no Cath blvs saved at baptism
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63
Q

what was State of Grace belief?

A
  • shiny then dirty - sin takes you out of it - you’ve tarnished a purified soul- go to priest to have it absolved - the way to “polish” is for you to work for it- do good stuff to back to state of grace- PENANCE
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64
Q

concept of PENANCE

A
  • paying Christ back to make up for the sin in your life - our Father’s, hail mary’s, alms, pilgrimage to a holy sight
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65
Q

key for the cycle..

A

NAME?

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66
Q

the church believed it was being….

A

grace centered

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67
Q

the confession and absolution cycle was considered to be…

A

grace through works- some waited to get baptized til right before death to beat the system - all sin absolved before die - circumvent the cycle

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68
Q

how many sacraments in the Cath church?

A

7 - down from 12

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69
Q

Vatican 1 decided

A

the Pope was infallible

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70
Q

Vatican 2 decided

A

Mary was assumed into heaven 1960’s

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71
Q

even purgatory is seen as …

A

grace - b/c God lets you work off your sin

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72
Q

how does prayer fit in?

A

NAME?

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73
Q

they would hock grace…

A

for you to get your grandmother out of purgatory

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74
Q

this was called…

A

selling indulgences

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75
Q

what was a plenary indulgence?

A
  • every 50yrs - yr of jubilee - if you travel to rome you get a plenary indulgence - don’t have to do the Loop de Loop - all is forgiven
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76
Q

why was this used?

A

to get guys to fight in the Crusades

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77
Q

this guilt system + Luther =

A

oppressive neurotic!

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78
Q

what does this say about the human heart?

A

what do I have to do to get God to like me?

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79
Q

what kind of view of the Father does this generate?

A
  • abusive - he’s mad - jesus stepped into his punch - I just wanted to hit someone - serious gap of trust in your life
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80
Q

LOVE was God’s motive NOT…

A

anger

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81
Q

the medieval view of grace BEGAN with the Augustinian priority of grace…however

A

NAME?

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82
Q

why is humanism important?

A

the role it played in the life of Luther

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83
Q

what is the medieval definition of humanism?

A

it’s an educational philosophy and method

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84
Q

what is it’s goal?

A

NAME?

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85
Q

it’s not secular humanism

A
  • there wasn’t a doctrine associated with it - it was simply a learning method
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86
Q

why did it arise?

A

the old educational perspective was wrong

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87
Q

who was a leading humanist?

A

Thomas Moore

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88
Q

what was it antagonistic towards?

A

scholasticism

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89
Q

what led Zwingli, Luther, Calvin away from Cath church?

A

education

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90
Q

what is scholasticism?

A

NAME?

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91
Q

scholasticism ignores…

A

context

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92
Q

what happened with Scholasticism in the Middle Ages?

A
  • notes that were taken of texts over time became a part of the original text itself and so meaning was asserted and changed the original text - morphing into something else as it was studied- it became difficult to distinguish between text and notes- texts were limited - shorthand used - 12 people in the world read T Aquinas writing
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93
Q

as paper and ink were expensive they would share ideas through…

A

decoding each others thoughts in the margins

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94
Q

humanism mocks scholasticism because…

A

this turns into ELITISM

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95
Q

who was a great scholastic of the day?

A

Lombard

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96
Q

how is Luther confused?

A

people think he’s a humanist b/c he’s fighting for people to be taught

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97
Q

scholastics were trying to protect…

A

the preservation of knowledge

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98
Q

it was a culture of the have’s and the…

A

have not’s - it was a way to exclude and divide people - the ability to read and discover for yourself - giving away power and control

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99
Q

scholasticism was characterized by..

A

minutia questions of meaning - doctors, monks, professors

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100
Q

what was NORTHERN humanism?

A

NAME?

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101
Q

Hebrew scholars were limited so it took them several generations to …

A

learn Hebrew to read the Bible in its original language - they couldn’t tell the difference btwn Aramaic and Heb

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102
Q

trust began to shift from the authorities of…

A

the scholars to the authority of the Word - the Apostles!

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103
Q

to no longer have to take the prof’s word for it but to study it for yourself in Heb/Grk…

A

was a humanistic belief

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104
Q

the slogan for humanism (Northern)

A

Ad Fontes - “to the fount” - to the original sources - GO BACK TO PAUL not Aquinas

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105
Q

wherever protestantism goes ….

A

education skyrockets b/c it seeks to teach languages etc. to teach the Bible - empowers the people

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106
Q

who was the “Prince of the Humanists”?

A

Erasmus (1466-1536)

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107
Q

he was born…

A

in the Netherlands

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108
Q

the illegitimate son of…

A

a priest and concubine

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109
Q

he gave us the …

A

CRITICAL EDITION of the NEW TESTAMENT in 1516

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110
Q

what did that do?

A

took all the known manuscripts of Greek and created a critical apparatus for meaning

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111
Q

what is textual criticism? - Critical edition?

A

NAME?

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112
Q

What is modern scholars view of txtual criticism?

A

the more the better for triangulating accuracy

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113
Q

how does the KJV view it?

A

textus receptus - the texts used for the KJV were the oldest and not corrupted as archeology found more texts/manuscripts

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114
Q

what’s an example?

A
  • 3-4 areas in the gospels - say - we may not know if this is in the original manuscripts
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115
Q

another key event in the txtual critical ethos was …

A

doing an analysis of the early church fathers writings - writing from year 1 to 500 - keeping people from adding to Augustine saying he liked penance etc.- Erasmus throws out texts that people were basing things on

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116
Q

this was seriously threatening to …

A

the Catholic system

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117
Q

who was Lorenzo Valla?

A

Northern humanist- contemporary to Erasmus- studied the Donation of Constantine document - which stated it was his will to leave the authority to the Pope and papacy was king of the world

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118
Q

what happened in his study of the document of Constantine?

A
  • he discovered that there were words added in the 8th century! SCANDALOUS- b/c this doc was used to support papal authority!
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119
Q

Northern Humanists made fun of…

A

Papacy - Christmas tree model- created the term “Middle Ages” b/c they looked down on that era as dysfunctional

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120
Q

what did Erasmus teach?

A

PHILOSOPHIA CHRISTI - philosophy of Christ - optimistic view of life - if we just give everyone the Bible we’ll all agree (nieve)

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121
Q

goal of this philosophy…

A

get us out of the Dark Ages and improve the quality of life of the lay people - world view - we can’t keep education to ourselves

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122
Q

what book did Erasmus write promoting this theory of education?

A

Enchridion - writing to a secular prince - his vision of where education can take us - plowman works all day long and then goes inside and studies his Bible - he wanted all to have a Bible and be able to read it

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123
Q

Erasmus’ theology …

A

still a medieval Catholic - earn salvation - Luther and he had a famous debate about the bondage of the will - Erasmus writes - Freedom of the Will - we’re free to co-penance 1525 - point - both Ad Fontes had different views of salvation- we educate so people can DO the Xn life better - Luther - we educate so they know it’s free grace!

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124
Q

What was the link between Humanism and the Reformation?

A

theological? NOEducational - YES!

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125
Q

Erasmus was tried for …

A

causing the reformation! but he didn’t cause the theological dimension

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126
Q

the tools of humanism did…

A

link to the Ref b/c it made people want to learn and therein question the church

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127
Q

humanism provided the …

A

low humidity front for the Reformation rain to fall

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128
Q

Luther ends…

A

the Middle Ages and begins the modern world

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129
Q

he in his being really symbolized…

A

the transition in the church

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130
Q

Luther didn’t intend…

A

the Reformation

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131
Q

95 thesis was intended to be…

A

an inner office memo

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132
Q

he was stumbling in the dark reaching out to steady himself when he grabbed …

A

the rope and it happened to be the rope that rang the church bell

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133
Q

born Nov 10

A

1483

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134
Q

Father..

A

successful miner - upward mobile family - upper middle class

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135
Q

education…

A

Father wanted more for him than he had - sent to Mansfield then to Eisenach - speak and write Latin

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136
Q

1501 University of Erfurt

A

expensive and dad pushed him through the ranks - graduated with BA in one year and MA in 1505 second in class - smart guy!

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137
Q

His testimony to the monastery began in…

A

1505 - Law school - driven by his dad’s desire

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138
Q

on the road to law school….

A

July 1505 Thunderstorm - scared and prays to Saint Anne - patron saint of a copper miner- he has a theological problem with going the secular route - blvs God called him to monastery

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139
Q

what type of monastery does Luther join?

A

Observant Augustinian - 1507- hard core of the hard core- did Luther come up with justif by faith or learn it from Augustine?

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140
Q

he fasted all the time and begged for food…

A

seems like God put him in a context where he works and works …journey to real grace

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141
Q

spends a decade…

A

as a monk

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142
Q

spends hours …

A

confessing every thought

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143
Q

Prince Frederick was putting a lot of money towards this univ and recruits Luther…

A

University of Wittenberg - 1511

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144
Q

Luther receives a doctorate in…

A

1512

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145
Q

in 1515 he becomes…

A

2nd ranking Augustinian - 10 monasteries and 2 universities*not obscure but a smart man - zealous to challenge the church

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146
Q

4 dimensions to knowing Luther the sinner…

A
  1. Extremely zealous monk2. Anfechtungen - anxiety/depression - no assurance3. Turmerlebnis - Tower experience - gospel conversion - 1515-1521 (somewhere) - breakthrough - grasping grace4. Johann Von Staupitz - guided him to focus on God’s mercy and grace - stop thinking so much about your works…
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147
Q

what was the Medieval view of the will?

A
  1. At baptismal regeneration God infuses grace - adding inherent worth to the soul - gold coin - protect and preserve it2. Facere quod in se est - do that which is in you - work for maintaining state of grace3. in the end - Participate in their own salvation
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148
Q

whats the problem with “do that which is in you?”

A

you never have assurance

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149
Q

you’re not saved if you…

A

don’t work

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150
Q

Christ becomes merely an…

A

example

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151
Q

Luther’s response was this was…

A

LEGALISM - he gives us this term

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152
Q

Legalism is the…

A

bent of the human heart to self justify to God and the world - we work to justify b/c we don’t believe we’re loved already- he expands Paul’s concept of legalistic Judaism

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153
Q

Self justification Luther would call

A

that LAW

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154
Q

he was fine with the tension of…

A

doing vs. grace

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155
Q

He becomes the king of…

A

paradox- die to live- lose to win

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156
Q

how does he see Rom 12?

A

be being - transformed - passive - paradoxical

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157
Q

When he talks about obedience - he switches to…

A

family mode - Sonship

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158
Q

his view of Sonship was about…

A

family resemblance

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159
Q

he saw himself as the guy who walked around popping…

A

the balloon of self effort

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160
Q

the Cross was a paradox for him…

A
  • right when Christ could’ve been strong - he let himself be weakened - which unleashed the power of salvation
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161
Q

who was Erik Erikson?

A

NAME?

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162
Q

what was his theory on Luther?

A
  • that he had an abusive father and was brutalized causing him to want to go to the monastery to rebel against his dad’s wishes- and that Luther fights the Pope b/c he can’t submit to authority
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163
Q

what is aug der cloaca?

A

luther was constipated physical so his afechtungion was a potty breakthrough

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164
Q

it meant…

A

we’re down in the dumps - not taking one!- he thought the Tower Experience was outhouse

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165
Q

this was Erikson’s _____ theory of child development

A

identity crisis

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166
Q

What happens in the Indulgences controversy? 3

A
  1. Pope Leo X - wants to rebuild St Peter’s - money’s in Germany2. Archbishop Albert of Mainz - bought the office -so he’s in debt and needs $ too - gets with the Pope and agrees to indulgence sale (buy your fam members out of purgatory - emotional leverage3. Johan Tetzel - slogan guy - as soon as a coin in the coffer rings, a soul from purgatory springs - emotional abuse
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167
Q

this is what sparks…

A

the Reformation - not theology

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168
Q

it was commonplace to ask for…

A

debates

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169
Q

he had recently posted 96 thesis against..

A

scholasticism - Sep 1517 - Disputation Against Scholastic Theology

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170
Q

Zwingli was also upset with …

A

Tetzel

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171
Q

when were the 95 theses posted?

A

Oct 31 1517 - on all Hallow’s Eve - before all Saints Day - mandatory for all to go to church

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172
Q

This was the spark that…

A

ignites the powder keg - over dramatized in the movie

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173
Q

what’s he wanting?

A

a meeting with the faculty to discuss indulgence sales

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174
Q

what he wasn’t trying to do…

A

start a split from the church

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175
Q

what was the thrust of thesis 1?

A

“do repentance” (the loop d loop) vs sorrow, guilt, asking, freedom - shot at scholasticism

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176
Q

what do thesis 42 and 44 reveal..

A

he’s still thinking in the loop d loop

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177
Q

Luther was in the dark about…

A

the Pope being in on the sale of indulgences

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178
Q

what was the Papal response to him?

A

shut up Luther!

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179
Q

he couldn’t figure out why they …

A

blew it out of proportion til he realized the Pope was in on it which made him call him the Antichrist later

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180
Q

why wasn’t he executed?

A

process was to “give them over to the State” for execution not the church

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181
Q

What was the Heidelberg Disputation?

A

April 1518- he was invited to debate indulgences- thesis - the law stands in the way of righteousness- thesis - free will after the fall is but a word- thesis - “doing what is in him” only adds to guilt (confrontation of free will and sanctif)

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182
Q

Who is Sylvester Prierias and Thomas Caietan

A

they tell Luther to submit or else

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183
Q

what happens at the Leipzig Disputation?

A

June 1519- Luther vs. Eck (brilliant debater)

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184
Q

What does Eck go after?

A

NAME?

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185
Q

can the Pope err?

A

Luther says he CAN err and be wrong- Scripture alone is infallible!!- the Pope isn’t the only one who can interpret scripture

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186
Q

what else does Luther call himself the Leipzig Disputation?

A

a Hussite- Jan Huss - challenged the Pope’s authority 200yrs earlier - given safe passage but killed- Luther: I’m putting the Word OVER the Pope

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187
Q

in the end Luther rejects..

A

papal or church council decisions that stand opposed to the Word

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188
Q

this is the Theological dynamite and grounds for..

A

excommunicating him

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189
Q

June 24 1520 Exurge Domine

A

Papal Bulls - like an exec order - the Pope is giving the “official” interpretation of what’s going on with Luther - Exurge Domine - Rise Up Lord - there’s a wild boar invading the church - he’s out now

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190
Q

how does Luther respond?

A

burns the Bull in a bonfire - along with students throwing the church’s theological works into the fire

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191
Q

Luther writes a Trilogy after that

A
  1. Address to the Christian Nobility2. Babylonian Captivity of the Church3. **The Freedom of a Christian
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192
Q

what was 1. The address to the Christian nobility about?

A

the politicians of Germany need to reform the church even though the Pope won’t- he’s combining church and state

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193
Q

what was 2. Babylonian Captivity of the Church about?

A

playing on the medieval Babylonian captivity concept - he’s arguing the Pope has led the church into captivity - calls him the Antichrist - he believes it too- lays out the vision of the Church - 2 sacraments and role of pastor - fellowship/preaching

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194
Q

what was 3. The Freedom of a Christian about?

A

Christian is bound to no one, subject to no one - yet a servant to all - freedom makes you a servant- doctrine of Christian life

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195
Q

what year were they written?

A

1520

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196
Q

why was Luther allowed to live so long?

A

Charles V who ruled Germany in the Holy Roman Empire - was busy fighting a 2 front war with France in the South West and the Turks in the South East

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197
Q

how long does Charles V family rule Holy Roman Empire?

A

stops 1918!

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198
Q

where was Luther tried?

A

Diet of Worms 1521

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199
Q

Luther was low on the …

A

docket

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200
Q

Charles V was a conservative…

A

Catholic

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201
Q

for Luther this was …

A

as big as it gets!- excommunicated and then before the Imperial Diet!

202
Q

he’s transported…

A

in a cart and is scared

203
Q

the question was …

A

are those your books? Is that what you believe? do you recant? 24hrs to decide

204
Q

he was filled with doubt that night and re-read..

A

Romans and believed his teachings were accurate

205
Q

When asked the next day to recant he said..

A

Here I stand I can do no other! Show me in the Scripture where I’m wrong! On the spot declared an outlaw - guards - get ready for the flames!

206
Q

granted safe passage but..

A

Frederick - his boss over Wittenberg - gives his men orders to hide Luther from him so he lives but he can honestly say he doesn’t know where he is - they take him to the Wartburg

207
Q

what happens in his time at the Wartburg?

A

NAME?

208
Q

the reformed movement is much more..

A

complex than Luther to Lutheranism

209
Q

what were the 5 key features of the Reformed faith movement?

A
  1. zeal for purity2. internal critiques3. external movement4. International focus5. band of brothers - group focus
210
Q

zeal for purity…

A

good but becomes judgmentalism if not careful

211
Q

the reformers were purifying the church of..

A

any images, idols, pictures, white washing churches etc…all art

212
Q

Luther didn’t agree with …

A

the removal of such - normative principle vs. regulative

213
Q

internal critique…

A

difference in levels of agreement with Luther

214
Q

International focus…

A

Lutheran became German-centric - not ab the world- Fr, Scotland, Swiss, England - reformed perspectives - similar but vary - led to diversity

215
Q

band of brothers…

A

the Reformed movement wasn’t led by one person

216
Q

Who were the Key Figures of the Reformed Movement?

A

NAME?

217
Q

key point of the many men here…

A

they all fight with each other over..- supper, liturgy, church structure- POINT - VARIETY comes

218
Q

Lutheranism

A

was a movement from Him

219
Q

Reformed guys…

A

listened to each other

220
Q

Calvin got the notoriety b/c he…

A

translated most works into English

221
Q

these guys get shut out of the …

A

Lutheran world b/c he didn’t want anything to do with them

222
Q

what were the 3 main headwaters?

A

LutheranReformedAnabaptists

223
Q

Swiss regions in focus…

A

they become the sights of future wars

224
Q

Huldrych Zwingli…

A

1484-1531

225
Q

Wildhaus…

A

Swiss were bad dudes - mercinaries of Europe - decided to stop being hired out - now pacifists

226
Q

Basel and Bern

A

educated

227
Q

Thomas Wytenbach

A

leading humanist to turn him to the path - he becomes the typical converted guy - Catholic to Protestant

228
Q

University of Vienna

A

gets kicked out for being crazy

229
Q

BA and MA

A

1502 and 1506 - similar to Luther

230
Q

Zwingli the priest at..

A

Glarus

231
Q

he then wants to be a …

A

humanist and poet

232
Q

He is influenced by …

A

Erasmus and yet to be converted

233
Q

Goes to Einsiedeln - where he…

A

womanizes and drinks too much

234
Q

he then goes to Zurich and is called to be a priest at …

A

Grossmunster - 1518 - becomes the reigning orator - best sermons there - sparks a preaching revolution

235
Q

style of preaching chapter to chapter…

A

Lectio continua

236
Q

that style is also radical b/c…

A

not preaching on assigned texts

237
Q

his own preaching may have…

A

converted him

238
Q

the messages become…

A

increasingly evangelical in content

239
Q

who comes to sell indulgences in Zurich?

A

Bernard Sanson - 1519- Zwingli threatened to kill him

240
Q

preaching comes to a head in 1522 and around Lent (mandatory abstinence from meat) he and his friends…

A

had a barbecue - friends got arrested for eating - he spoke against it b/c it was supposed to be a VOLUNTARY fast so they released them and this began the Swiss reformation

241
Q

Swiss Reformation 1523

A

under Charles V - each city could decide for itself - political leaders could gather and decide for themselves

242
Q

what happened at the First Zurich Disputation in Feb 1523?

A

Zwingli was to argue for Protestantism - only ground rule was had to argue from the Bible - Catholic guy didn’t even show up!

243
Q

Second Disputation in Zurich…

A

images - breaking 2nd commandment - found images to be repugnant

244
Q

what was the view of the 10 commandments?

A

Jewish Ref Anglican way:- no artistic expression of anything in the church - err on the side of caution

245
Q

East Orth/Cath/Lutheran way of 10 comm

A
  • took comment - no graven images and wrapped it into NO OTHER GODS - Luther said it didn’t matter
246
Q

what is ICONOCLASM?

A

banning of all artistic image expression in the church

247
Q

what is the most Iconoclastic religion?

A

Islam

248
Q

Zwingli wanted to rid of …

A

all pictures and stain glass etc. but not overnight change - do it over time

249
Q

Anabaptist origin…

A

separatistic from culture - Amish, Mennonite - extreme purification/separation

250
Q

leading Anabaptist

A

Conrad Grabel

251
Q

Second Disputation…

A

he is furious with Zwingli for compromising on the “images” and challenges their unwillingness to be pure and gets killed

252
Q

the Anabaptists get…

A

killed a lot

253
Q

they start…

A

blvrs baptism

254
Q

where is the Lutheran and Zwinglian dispute?

A

Marburg Colloquy 1529

255
Q

what is the context?

A

Phillip of Hesse - wanted Germany to be protestant - married a 2nd woman while still married - tried to bring all protestants together to get away from Cath church - Luther reads Zwingli and calls him a fanatic

256
Q

Luther writes…

A

Against the Fanatics - 1526

257
Q

Zwingli writes

A

Friendly Rejoinder - 1527

258
Q

try to get together at Marburg Colloquy and the decision was …

A

14/15- 2/3 on point 15! almost there but disagreed on the Supper and specifically the presence of Christ in the eucharist

259
Q

Zwinglian view of the presence of Christ in the eucharist

A
  • distinct w/o separation- christ’s humanity remains finite at the right hand of the father- spiritual faith isn’t strengthened through the physical eating of the supper
260
Q

Lutheran view of the presence of Christ in the eucharist

A

communicatio idiomatum - communication of attributes

261
Q

2 views of Christology at the table

A
  1. Reformed2. Lutheran
262
Q

Reformed

A
  • distinction w/o separation- Christ’s humanity remains finite- Spiritual faith is not strengthened by physical eating- Zwingli - grace in community - memorial
263
Q

Lutheran

A

communicatio idiomatum - communication of attributes- communication of properties- his humanity was swallowed up in divinity - he’s able to be physically omnipresent - he’s IN the supper- blending of divine and human attributes

264
Q

reformed view can…

A

overly separate

265
Q

lutheran view can..

A

intermingle too much- no one evangelical says human nature is omnipresent

266
Q

painting…

A

Luther pointing down to the bread and Zwingli is pointing up to ascended Christ

267
Q

3 categories of spectrum of Reformers on supper

A

Anti Lutheran:- Zwingli, Bullinger(btwn) Calvin, MartyrMEDIATING:- Bucer(btwn) MelancthonLUTHERAN:- Luther

268
Q

Calvin always tried…

A

to get Melancthon and Bullinger together (as they were the torch bearers for Zwingli and Luther

269
Q

Christology is a big deal

A

doctrine fans out

270
Q

1529 Zurich declared itself to be …

A

protestant

271
Q

neighboring cities attack to get them …

A

to return to Catholic but fails

272
Q

1530 Lutherans ban together with Charles V to come up with

A

Augsburg confession

273
Q

Second War of Kappel 1531

A

3-4 Catholic cities against 1- Zwingli dies- Bullinger successor

274
Q

Augsburg Confession

A

Luther and Charles V wrote it and agreed they weren’t gonna help the Swiss. - Charles tried to get them to coexist but Lutherans pushed em out with this confession

275
Q

Zwingli dies

A

Zurich becomes Cath for a while til…

276
Q

Bullinger

A

takes over for Zwingli

277
Q

Lutheran and Zwinglian views were similar on..

A

justification and Protestantism

278
Q

they were different on views of ..

A

Christology and Eucharist

279
Q

Melancthon was Luther’s

A

successor - prodigy

280
Q

1518 at 21 yrs old he was …

A

a professor

281
Q

Loci Communes 1521…

A

the common points - systematics

282
Q

became the Lutheran

A

systematic theology - point by point

283
Q

Lutherans end up …

A

going to war

284
Q

what is the Schmalkaldic League?

A

1st Protestant military - Lutheran Army- willing to kill for Jesus

285
Q

Luther died

A

1546

286
Q

Luther’s view of violence

A

we won’t defend ourselves - changes his mind later 1530 - stand your ground doctrine - equal force - resulted in Schmalkaldic League

287
Q

Battle of Muhlberg

A

Lutherans get crushed and get Interim of Augsburg - Lutherans return to mass - Catholic Liturgy - cath sacraments - if you don’t you die - would you?

288
Q

Melancthon has no choice but to say..

A

its ok = go to mass just worship Jesus our way in your heart

289
Q

What is Adiophora?

A

Melancthon position on worship - it’s neither mandatory nor forbidden - you can do it

290
Q

who said NO to adiophora and should fight?

A

Mathias Flacius

291
Q

what are 3 conflicting conceptualizations of Calvin

A
  1. Intense affection - too high2. Intense hatred - too low3. misconception - a. he was only guy reformed b. he didn’t say all that was said about reformed thinking - band of brothers til Beza said THIS IS CALVINISM
292
Q

when was the Consensus Tigurinus?

A

1st draft 1548Revised 1549Final 1551

293
Q

Who did it involve?

A

Reformers - Calvin, Bullinger, (Farel later)

294
Q

what was the intent of the document?

A

to bring unity to the Protestant churches on their doctrines of the sacraments - Lord Supper specifically

295
Q

Calvin’s goal

A

stood btwn the Lutheran view - real presence and Zwinglian - pure symbolism* a mediating position to bring sides together

296
Q

who was the document sent to?

A

all the Swiss churches

297
Q

who opposed it?

A

Synod at BERNE

298
Q

what did the doc oppose?

A

the transub view of RCath AND the Lutheran view of sacramental union

299
Q

what was striking?

A

Bullinger (Z) was pushing Bucer out and pullling Calvin in - b/c willing to have a broader view/definition of sac

300
Q

what’s key about the main statement?

A

the elements start symbolic lang and by end become physical - word preached by words and then by elements - physical word - living image - THIS IS SURPRISING! For a Bullinger/Z to have a kind of IMAGE is HUGE

301
Q

the doc does a balancing act - giving to …

A

both…the elements are symbols but not merely symbols - signs/seals/living visible word

302
Q

what is this document the defining start date of?

A

REFORMED CALVINISTIC THEOLOGY

303
Q

what is the effect of sacraments on evangelicalism?

A

NAME?

304
Q

What are the 3 parts to Calvin’s theology brought to attn?

A

NAME?

305
Q

Predestination…context…

A
  • not just Calvin’s - all believed it- it’s in the Bible- in his day wasn’t as big an issue as now
306
Q

What does Calvin’s view of Predestination have impact on?

A
  • pastoral move- for the missionary preaching - God will save some! not on you - so preach!
307
Q

what does he make of those who believe?

A
  • they did so b/c God moved them - not they chose to believe
308
Q

what does he make of those who don’t believe?

A

NAME?

309
Q

did he believe we should preach to all?

A

yes bc we don’t know who the elect are

310
Q

wrong view of Calvin’s predestination..

A

God is the puppet master who pulls all the strings - God bends and breaks people who hate Him to love Him

311
Q

is Calvin a double election guy?

A

yes - single is a copout - word play - the fact God doesn’t chose those He’s able to save is a CHOOSING

312
Q

how is that loving?

A
  • ans: can’t challenge God on a moral standing for not saving all sinners
313
Q

the problem with hell is bigger than election..

A

Bullinger says - not how can He send the reprobate to hell but ANYONE to hell. Armin: prevenient grace

314
Q

Eucharist

A

means of gracesign/seal - thing signified real graceunion with Christword preached visibly

315
Q

How did Calvin think of the whole of salvation?

A
  • whole golden chain of salv under UNION WITH CHRIST- election, calling, regeneration, conversion (rep & faith), justif, sanctif, glorification
316
Q

how did Calvinism become huge?

A

…BEZA - not Calvin - he wrote around those near him - BEZA blew it up

317
Q

what happened?

A

Beza and Arminius had an inhouse debate that became a divorce

318
Q

who was Beza?

A

aristocrat, bossy, blue blood

319
Q

what was his problem?

A
  • he narrowed Calvin’s doctrines and tried to say they were the only correct view- Calvin affirmed Knox’s work in Scottish presb for ex- beza also wrote the tract ordering God’s will in eternity etc.- ticked Bullinger off b/c Beza writes him off under “calvinism” and he made Calvin
320
Q

What’s Beza’s program?

A

he wants Geneva to be a reformed “vatican” (power grab) - headquarters - control oriented

321
Q

what’s Beza’s theol tract?

A
  • God- His purpose- Salvation- Creation- Fall - grace**calvin never drew a chart like this! He wouldn’t try to think what God thinks when He chooses some to salvation - not trying to figure out eternity past
322
Q

Beza introduces lapsarianism

A
  1. Supra - Elect, Create, Permit F, Save2. Infra - Create, Permit F, Elect, Save
323
Q

Beza sparks debates b/c…

A

he’s ordering God’s thoughts before they happen and not been revealed - Arminius revolts bc of this

324
Q

Beza’s 3 controversies…

A

VestmentsMonarchomaqueSt Bartholomew’s Day Massacre

325
Q

what was the vestment controversy?

A
  1. Vestments - what can you wear in worship - Calvin says if you’re not wearing things for holiness who cares - beza - it’s sin to wear em
326
Q

what was the Monarchomaque view?

A

he taught if you need to kill the king - regicide - you can if they’re ungodly (Scot and Eng DO)

327
Q

what happened at the St Bartholomew’s Day Massacre?

A

thousands French Calv killed in 3 wks - Huguenot’s *Calvin would’ve said - pay your taxes and shut up - Beza - says take the shot

328
Q

What is enigmatic about the English reformation?

A
  • it was least likely to be protestant- it wasn’t anti-Cath- it didn’t work like it did in Germ- it was more like a mustard seed - small then generation later - whole continent
329
Q

why is it significant for American Christianity?

A

b/c most evangelical denom come from English church - baptists, congregationalists, presbyterians, others… come from Eng soil

330
Q

theologically?

A

NAME?

331
Q

how did the Anglican system work?

A

it was flat organizationally - each bishop runs a diocese and they came together in a region - Archbishop of Cantebury had no authority - looks diff in diff places

332
Q

what was the background context of the English church?

A

they were always committed to the Catholic Church

333
Q

who were the Lollards?

A

medieval protestants - lay people that believed the Cath church was wrong and we should meet at home in small groups with the bible and love Jesus

334
Q

were they the reason for Eng becoming Prot?

A

NO b/c there weren’t many of them, they would keep to themselves and were NOT evangelistic about it b/c it was a heresy - underground deal

335
Q

the English reformation eventually happens …

A

from the top down

336
Q

how?

A

NAME?

337
Q

The Monarchy

A
  • Wars of the Roses- Plantagenets- Lancaster / York- Tudors- Henry 8th
338
Q

What happens in the War of the Roses

A
  • goes back to the Middle ages- Plantagenets- King had 7 male heirs - dad dies and try to kill each other for the throne- from this line 2 branches from same fam tree start to fight - Lancaster (red rose) York (white rose) (crests) - century of warfare down to Henry 7th and Richard 3rd fighting- Richard 3rd has a better claim but people hate him for killing his nephew - Henry 7 attacks and R 3 dies - Henry 7 king and TUDOR DYNASTY starts- Henry 7 marries daughter of other side (Elizabeth) and 2 roses together- lasts 100yrs
339
Q

What’s Henry 8th’s M.O.?

A

NAME?

340
Q

What is going on spiritually during H 8’s time?

A
  • Luther, Protestantism and Tyndale (Eng bible - still 95% today!)- converges to make Anglicanism
341
Q

Why is Tyndale so important?

A
  • at this time Eng evangel small- starts a literary mvmt of reading Scripture in english 1525 - 1530 Pentateuch - his translation becomes the bedrock for English speaking Faith - huge impact on Eng and Amer**First to lay out COVENANT THINKING in English
342
Q

Which reformer does he follow?

A

Luther

343
Q

What is the significance of the WHITE HORSE INN?

A

NAME?

344
Q

Eng is staunchly Catholic - how did it become Protestant?

A
  • Henry 7 dies- Arthur (H7’son) marries Catherine of Aragon (spanish Cath daughter of Ferd/Isa)- Arthur dies - Henry 8 (Ar’s bro) gets throne- marries Cath of A - gets Pope to go along so Eng can keep good end w/ Spain- live happy for 15yrs - humanist king - parties, tournaments, etc. - loves Cath- Luther’s excomm 1521- H8 wants to be good Cath and writes a denunciation of Luther - on 7 sacraments Cath- Hires Thomas More and John Fisher - to write against heretics in Cath Ch (Eutopia)- Guys at White Horse have no ground to stand on- H 8 called Defender of the Faith by Pope- meanwhile Cath never has a child (16yrs - 18 miscarriages) 1509-1525 - has 1 daughter - Mary 1- henry can’t figure it out - no male heirs- thinks he is now CURSED by God and starts to look around - comes to Lev - if you marry sis-in-law be childless - (sons)- should’ve never have married her- canon law (Scrip) vs biblical law (interp of Pope)- H8 says biblical and wants Pope to annul marriage (should never have been married) - he’s taken with Anne Boleyn - Pope agrees to send a Cardinal to try the case but says DON”T LET A DECISION HAPPEN!
345
Q

what’s the trial of Henry 8th and Cath of Aragon annulment called?

A

Trial of Blackfriars 1529 (monastery)

346
Q

what was the grounds?

A
  • the claim was incest - Arthur and H8 were bros and she shocked all by saying she never had sex w/ Arthur b/c of his tuberculosis - so H8 had no grounds- Cardinal defers to the Fall after hot summer months (runs out of there!)- so H8 is embarrassed by Pope- he’s exhausted, he’s in love w/ Anne B- at this point he converts
347
Q

does Henry convert to Protestantism all together?

A

NO - it’s a kind of Catholicism that doesn’t report to the Pope - doctrine is same

348
Q

who does he think the head of the church should be from the OT?

A

THE KING - the King is over the priests when he reads David in OT

349
Q

what does he do to the Cath clergy in Eng?

A
  • tries them with Praemunire 1531 - anti treason law - since Mid Ages - you can’t involve outsiders (it wasn’t written for church but he used it this way) - so they’re treasonous b/c PAPAL is outside England
350
Q

what is the Royal Supremacy?

A

where H8 declares he is head of Church and State - not necess a theocracy (b/c don’t have to be a king)

351
Q

what does H8 want?

A

he doesn’t want Prot or Cath Pope - wants cath doc and do what he wants

352
Q

who does he let into his courts?

A

openly devout Protestants

353
Q

why?

A

b/c they hate the pope too

354
Q

what book did H8 like?

A

Tyndale’s “Obedience” - H8 likes it b/c it says we will obey the king w/o challenge and will obey him - opens him up w/ Evangelicals

355
Q

who does H8 hire then to help him go forward?

A

2 Thomas’s 1. Thomas Cranmer - Arch of Canterbury - openly Protestant2. Thomas Cromwell - viceregent in Spirituals - administrator/politics**both loved Luther

356
Q

H 8 court now becoming….

A

PROTESTANT at the top

357
Q

What does Cranmer do right off?

A

annul marriage and can marry Anne B

358
Q

Culminates into the Great…

A

Bible - The Great Bible (1540)

359
Q

he’s crazy b/c

A

he’s bringin in protestants but also hires hitman to strangle Tyndale

360
Q

who’s Bible is the Great Bible actually?

A

it’s Tyndale’s bible w/ some tweaks by Cranmer and Cromwell - and King think’s its his new Bible - H8 likes the cover b/c its got a picture of hierarchy on it w/ him at top

361
Q

what happens 1540 in Henry’s backlash?

A

Anne B is in favor of protestantism - she gave him another daughter - she’s executed for treason and adultery and marries Jane Seymour (dies in childbirth) but gives SON- so much is protestant now that he’s had enough b/c feels like it’s getting out of control and more radical than he likes - so he tries to tow the line btwn Cath and Prot and is making it up as he goes - dies 1547 - executes Cromwell b/c mad at him

362
Q

so his kids are …

A

Edward 6 and Mary 1 and Elizabeth

363
Q

who took the throne after H8?

A

Edward - boy king - 13 (committee til 18)

364
Q

was he Cath or Prot?

A

devout Prot and protestant committee running the country

365
Q

what’s the effect on England

A

heavily suppresses Catholicism

366
Q

what book is written during his reign?

A

Cranmer’s Book of Common Prayer

367
Q

what happens to Edward?

A

dies before gets to the throne - tuberculosis

368
Q

who gets the throne now?

A

Mary Tudor - daughter of H8 and Cath of A - HIGHLY CATHOLIC! dad treated her and mom like crap = victim who creates victims

369
Q

what do the Protestants now do w/ Cath queen?

A

1k flee to Europe - 290 burned

370
Q

who was the object of her anger?

A

Cranmer - wrote divorce of mother and prot book of liturgy - burned him

371
Q

who else does she burn?

A

Latimer and Ridley*FOXE - best researcher of Martyrs then

372
Q

pope restores

A

Eng to Cath church

373
Q

she dies of …

A

tumor she thought was a baby

374
Q

who is GLORIANA?

A

Elizabeth 1 1559

375
Q

what’s the culture?

A

renaissance - Shakespeare, art, science, literature etc.

376
Q

John Knox writes what ? that he wishes he didn’t?

A

First Blast of the Monstrous Regiment of Women - don’t have to obey them - Bible says women can’t rule

377
Q

Which direction is Eliz 1 going?

A

Back to Protestant slowly - mother was Anne B - she won’t be forced

378
Q

because she moves slow some Protestants..

A

become PURITANS - reacting to what’s still Catholic in place

379
Q

what’s the origin of Puritanism rise from? what issue?

A

Vestments Controversy - Eliz wanted all to wear to try to unite but impatient protestants don’t like it

380
Q

what 2 things happen?

A

Admonition to Parliament - 2 guys tell the Parl to get rid of bishops, liturgy, vestments but to no avail2. Presbyterians in Scot - got rid of vestments - black academic robe instead

381
Q

what is the traditional view of Catholic response

A

counter reformation

382
Q

whats the modern view

A

Catholic reformation

383
Q

big item here…

A

Council of Trent

384
Q

how many phases over how many years?

A

3 phases - 18yrs

385
Q

what is Trent?

A

city where it met

386
Q

what is Tridentine Catholicism?

A

cath that’s trying to kill Protestantism - strongly anti protestant - Cath on steroids

387
Q

Phase 1

A

Shmalkaldic League - before Luther dies - Char 5 says lets come up w/ a cath response to Lutheranism- they decide once for all Luther’s doct of justif is wrong- 1. medeival doc of pennance is official doctrine- 2. Vulgate is only approved translation- 3. its not Scrip alone that’s rule of faith and practice but Scrip AND tradition

388
Q

Phase 2

A

Chemnitz invited! (Lutheran in group!)* try to talk and breaks down - Transubstantiation is only way to understand Supper

389
Q

Phase 3

A

final Anti Prot - reaffirm Purgatory- clean up state of own church - moral reforms and relics etc.- stay in diocese - start Cath seminaries

390
Q

lasting effects

A

shapes Cath til 1960

391
Q

who were the “green berets”….?

A

Jesuits

392
Q

who were the Jesuits?

A

founded by Ignatius of Loyola

393
Q

Who was Ignatius of Loyola?

A
  • soldier - rebel merc who learns to pray and follows Christ- mystic - learns contemplative prayer - spiritual reflection- Spiritual Exercises - book on prayer and discipline - still read today- Society of Jesus (SJ) - obey the pope directly - normally monks have other authority- 1540 legit order - Pope sends them all over the world - Asia, China, South Amer
394
Q

what’s the effects of wars of religion?

A

NAME?

395
Q

What are the French Wars of Religion like?

A

mafia wars - “hits” on families

396
Q

who were the 3 key families in these?

A

1.the Valois - ruling family2.the Guise - hard line Cath3.the Bourbons - Calvinists

397
Q

who were the Valois?

A

NAME?

398
Q

who were the Guise?

A

hard liners - kill the Prot- wanted the Valois gone so they could rule

399
Q

who were the Bourbons?

A

Calvinist hardliners - trying to defend themselves

400
Q

French Protestants were -

A

Huguenots

401
Q

Huguenots were…

A
  • militant calvinists - draw swords - self defense - literally carrying - 50% of Fr becomes Prot - fast (not like Eng) - b/c of Calvin’s being Fr and books published
402
Q

What leads up to the Fr Relig Wars?

A
  • Francis 1 is Cath king of Fr and he allows Prot but some Prot put a placard on his door - saying - we can get to you - scared him and Fr Cath crack down on Prot b/c what they did to the King (Calv flees for his life)
403
Q

The Fr Calv are on the rise - Hug’s - they…

A

attempt to kidnap the King - Bourbans want to use him (boy king) to sign off on all doc’s* plan fails - now Hug’s are in a bad light - now not just Prot but also involved in coup

404
Q

Francis 2 dies then Charles 9 takes over but his mom Catherine d Medici …

A

was the matron over Valois fan - becomes fill in ruler - she tries to keep peace and nice to Prot…

405
Q

Catherine D Medici holds the…

A

Colloquy of Poissy - she tries to keep the peace btwn Cath’s and Prot Calv - Beza there - trying to reach peace treaty

406
Q

they won’t just disagree…so …

A

Massacre of Vassy - Francis - 2nd duke of Guise (Cath) hears Prot worship in barn - still mad ab Prot kidnapping king years before and burns barn w/ all in it

407
Q

Huguenot retaliation…

A

Louis de Bourbon Prince of Conde - kills Catholics Guise - Valois want it to stop - goes on for yr and 1/2 - lots died

408
Q

finally issue the …

A

Edict of Amboise - 1563 - treaty to not kill each other but allow for them to stay armed (so it doesn’t work) - armed peace!

409
Q

fighting again so 7 yrs later

A

1570 Peace of Saint Germaine - Louis killed 2nd treaty failed

410
Q

during this bloody decade the Huguenots …

A

leave France and come to Ft Caroline - Jax

411
Q

what happened next?

A

St Bartholomew’s Day Massacre

412
Q

what happened there?

A

Admiral Gaspard de Cologny - Calvinist was in royal courts - strong relationship with Charles 9th - like a father to him - worries the Guise (Cath) family - suddenly Charles sister is marrying Henry of Navarre (Prot) b/c influence of Admiral - Guise ask Catherine to let them deal w/ Admiral Cologny - she doesn’t stop them - Cologny killed at a wedding - shot, stabbed, castrated, thrown into street - mob takes over and all the Fr Cath want to kill all protestants in mass hysteria…leads to St Bartholomew Day Massacre Summer 1570 - chasing down Huguenots and killing them - as they’re fleeing- Henry of Navarre marries the Princess - he’s Prot and tries to take Paris but gives up and takes king over his religion - meanwhile Eliz 1 is sending Eng dollars to help Huguenot’s leave

413
Q

key for understanding puritanism…

A

zeal for purity

414
Q

traditional historical view of puritans…

A

puritansPresbyterians/SeparatistProtestantHardliner Calvinists

415
Q

traditional historical view of Anglicans

A

AnglicanHigh ChurchNon-ProtestantAnti-Calvinistic

416
Q

traditional views are…

A

not quite that black and white

417
Q

Modern view

A

not Anglican but protestantget rid of the wallno one was high churchthat Ang were not Prot doesn’t hold upAnti Calvinistic not on the scene for another 50 yrsnot about 2 camps fighting

418
Q

One church of England under Monarch and..

A

2 groups with different emphasis

419
Q

on one side were Puritan Non Conformists…

A

on the other conformists but still love Jesus

420
Q

So it was one religion with pulls w/in it…

A

puritan vs conformists

421
Q

3 principles of Early Puritanism…

A
  1. Puritanism does NOT have a specific ecclesiastical identity - Bap, Ang, Cong, Presb2. Puritanism was NOT a theol mvmt vs. Lutheranism - P has no theol content to it3. Pur was motivated by an unwillingness to compromise - issue was wisdom - ever reforming
422
Q

Bloody Mary exiles…

A

1000 flee - 300 killed - Knox leaves to Frankfurt - used Calvin’s book of worship not Eng common prayer- he gets heckled - fist fights- Cranmer back in Eng getting killed for his book

423
Q

Mary dies and Eliz appoints…

A

protestant Arch of Cantebury - Parker and Cecil - head of state

424
Q

all 3 not willing to have ….

A

angry puritans from Europe tell them what to do

425
Q

the vestments controversy were really about…

A

Eliz being patient over time vs. playing too fast towards puritan side - Cecil and Parker don’t tell her what to do either - both Calv Prot - she wanted to unify a divided church

426
Q

the non conformists say she’s

A

compromising and 24 lose their pulpits and defrocked - no longer a pastor

427
Q

its a “proxy” war how?

A

she’s dealing with the non conformists indirectly through the issue of vestments - knowing they’ll throw themselves out - making her look stronger and them weaker

428
Q

puritanism begins to have both….

A

stronger AND moderate voices from here

429
Q

every denom comes from …

A

english puritanism - family tree

430
Q

2 puritans write to parliament in 1570…

A

“Admonition to Parliament” - demand that Parl get the queen to chill ab vestments - don’t get anywhere

431
Q

Cambridge under Eliz ….

A

2-3 puritan houses - seminaries - great scholarship happened there- discovery of Aramaic- textual criticism - manuscripts of OT & NT- study there led to KJV

432
Q

reformed mvmt begins to diverge…

A

Bullinger and Beza - both sending diff messages to Calv in Eng- saying yes and no to politic involvement

433
Q

Eliz reigns for

A

35 yrs

434
Q

she never…

A

marries b/c don’t want kingdom to go to outsider

435
Q

Eng invites in a new line to rule….

A

from Scotland - James - related to Tudors - King James 1 (6th in Scot)

436
Q

Scot and Eng are same country

A

with distinctions

437
Q

James 1 has been raised by hard core…

A

Puritans

438
Q

he was ________ as a boy

A

raped by 30 yr old man – issues w/ orientation - scarred

439
Q

raised to view kingship like…

A

Divine Right (like Henry) from David

440
Q

Scot, Ire, Eng united on coronation 1603

A

now from Tudor to Stuart monarchy

441
Q

Puritans get all fired up b/c…

A

they think they’ll have their way now agains the conformists / anglicans

442
Q

what happens at Hampton Court Conference?

A

he gets handed Millenary Petition - 1000 names saying please reform the church - it’s their candy list b/c they presume he’s gonna do it all…backfires…he calls this Conference where he meets w/ Puritans and Conformists - all who fought - not gonna let either party tell him what to do

443
Q

Whitgift comes forward….

A

says don’t listen to the Puritans and Jas screams at him for not letting the Bible be translated

444
Q

then Richard Bancroft the puritan comes up..

A

and he get screamed at for making mtn out of mole hill on every issue

445
Q

outcome…

A

both don’t get what they want but both get SOMETHING - new Bible - KJV - they had to work together on it

446
Q

KJV Bible…

A

reads like Shakespeare - cadence - musical language

447
Q

w/in a year terrorist attack on Jas and Eng govt…

A

GUNPOWDER PLOT

448
Q

who was behind it?

A

Guy Fawkes

449
Q

what happened?

A

rented space under Parliament and put enough gun powder to blow 6 mi’s of London up - discovered Nov 5 - “remember remember the 5th of November”- still burn paper mache pope on Nov 5- most amazing near misses in Eng hist- PUSHED FURTHER PROTESTANT

450
Q

Religion under James 1

A

all denom’s begin here

451
Q

General Baptists…

A

bap came out of Puritanism - wanted indep congregational authority and blvr baptism

452
Q

80% of puritans are…

A

inf bap

453
Q

Bap and Presb comes out of

A

puritanism

454
Q

who wrote Basilikon Doron?

A

King Jas - basically saying key to being king is to have people obey you - David in Biblekeep groups off balance so they depend on you

455
Q

James reigns for …

A

20 yrs and gives us KJV Bible

456
Q

next is …

A

Charles 1 - MORON

457
Q

Ch 1 is …

A

mean and arrogant - treats pple like crap

458
Q

marries a ….

A

Catholic wife! and later tries to persecute puritans - he hates them and this creates opening for Arminians to Eng - to aggrivate puritans

459
Q

Archbishop who antagonizes puritans…

A

Laud - even cuts off ears - Boxing ears

460
Q

Laud invents..

A

high church

461
Q

Scottish Presbyterians…

A

rebel - they worship with Knox’s liturgy - Ch wanted them to use bk of common prayer- old woman throws stool and rebellion breaks out

462
Q

Charles calls parliament..

A

The Long Parliament 20 yrs - he wants $ and troops to kill scots - P says NO! He tries to fire them all and they decide to never adjourn so nothing ratified - “long” parliament

463
Q

Parliament gets mad and they decide to …

A

rebel too!! Civil War - 1643-46

464
Q

Parl writes a treaty with Scot…

A

Solemn League and Covenant - partner w/ Scots to fight Ch

465
Q

2 sides in civil war were

A
  1. Royalists - Charles side - Laud and bishops2. Parliamentarians - Cromwell - head general - John Owen is a chaplain during this time w/ Cromwell - they were sick of the king
466
Q

Charles 1 surrenders

A

next 3 yrs he’s in prison

467
Q

during this time 1646 Parliament calls a subcommittee to pull together theological commitments..

A

Westminster Confession of Faith - Larger and Shorter Catechism - tech a govt doc

468
Q

charles gets …

A

beheaded in 1649

469
Q

1653-58 was a period under…

A

Cromwell - the Protectorate - acts like a monarch

470
Q

Charles 2 put…

A

on the throne

471
Q

Charles 2 put…

A

on the throne

472
Q

traditional historical view of puritans…

A

puritansPresbyterians/SeparatistProtestantHardliner Calvinists

473
Q

traditional historical view of Anglicans

A

AnglicanHigh ChurchNon-ProtestantAnti-Calvinistic

474
Q

traditional views are…

A

not quite that black and white

475
Q

Modern view

A

not Anglican but protestantget rid of the wallno one was high churchthat Ang were not Prot doesn’t hold upAnti Calvinistic not on the scene for another 50 yrsnot about 2 camps fighting

476
Q

One church of England under Monarch and..

A

2 groups with different emphasis

477
Q

on one side were Puritan Non Conformists…

A

on the other conformists but still love Jesus

478
Q

So it was one religion with pulls w/in it…

A

puritan vs conformists

479
Q

3 principles of Early Puritanism…

A
  1. Puritanism does NOT have a specific ecclesiastical identity - Bap, Ang, Cong, Presb2. Puritanism was NOT a theol mvmt vs. Lutheranism - P has no theol content to it3. Pur was motivated by an unwillingness to compromise - issue was wisdom - ever reforming
480
Q

Bloody Mary exiles…

A

1000 flee - 300 killed - Knox leaves to Frankfurt - used Calvin’s book of worship not Eng common prayer- he gets heckled - fist fights- Cranmer back in Eng getting killed for his book

481
Q

Mary dies and Eliz appoints…

A

protestant Arch of Cantebury - Parker and Cecil - head of state

482
Q

all 3 not willing to have ….

A

angry puritans from Europe tell them what to do

483
Q

the vestments controversy were really about…

A

Eliz being patient over time vs. playing too fast towards puritan side - Cecil and Parker don’t tell her what to do either - both Calv Prot - she wanted to unify a divided church

484
Q

the non conformists say she’s

A

compromising and 24 lose their pulpits and defrocked - no longer a pastor

485
Q

its a “proxy” war how?

A

she’s dealing with the non conformists indirectly through the issue of vestments - knowing they’ll throw themselves out - making her look stronger and them weaker

486
Q

puritanism begins to have both….

A

stronger AND moderate voices from here

487
Q

every denom comes from …

A

english puritanism - family tree

488
Q

2 puritans write to parliament in 1570…

A

“Admonition to Parliament” - demand that Parl get the queen to chill ab vestments - don’t get anywhere

489
Q

Cambridge under Eliz ….

A

2-3 puritan houses - seminaries - great scholarship happened there- discovery of Aramaic- textual criticism - manuscripts of OT & NT- study there led to KJV

490
Q

reformed mvmt begins to diverge…

A

Bullinger and Beza - both sending diff messages to Calv in Eng- saying yes and no to politic involvement

491
Q

Eliz reigns for

A

35 yrs

492
Q

she never…

A

marries b/c don’t want kingdom to go to outsider

493
Q

Eng invites in a new line to rule….

A

from Scotland - James - related to Tudors - King James 1 (6th in Scot)

494
Q

Scot and Eng are same country

A

with distinctions

495
Q

James 1 has been raised by hard core…

A

Puritans

496
Q

he was ________ as a boy

A

raped by 30 yr old man – issues w/ orientation - scarred

497
Q

raised to view kingship like…

A

Divine Right (like Henry) from David

498
Q

Scot, Ire, Eng united on coronation 1603

A

now from Tudor to Stuart monarchy

499
Q

Puritans get all fired up b/c…

A

they think they’ll have their way now agains the conformists / anglicans

500
Q

what happens at Hampton Court Conference?

A

he gets handed Millenary Petition - 1000 names saying please reform the church - it’s their candy list b/c they presume he’s gonna do it all…backfires…he calls this Conference where he meets w/ Puritans and Conformists - all who fought - not gonna let either party tell him what to do

Church History 2 (2 decks)

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