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NBCOT Domain Three Prep > Chunk Four > Flashcards

Chunk Four Flashcards

1
Q

dysphagia diet liquid progression

A

dietary liquid modfiication that involves altering the viscosity of drinking liquids to decrease aspiration risk, includes the following the levels (from most difficult to swallow to easiest to swallow)

thin
nectar like
honey like

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2
Q

DDLP: nectar thick

A

thickened liquid consistency for safer swallowing that is a progression from thin liquid

may be natural or thin liquids prepared with thickening gel or powder such as

tomato juice
fruit nectar
egg nog

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3
Q

DDL: pureed

A

dietary food texture modification described as smooth, uniform consistency for safer swallowing that requires very little chewing ability examples include

pudding and plain yogurt
smooth apple sauce
whipped potatoes

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4
Q

DDL: mechanically altered

A

dietary food texture modficaiton described as moist, semi-solid consistency for safer swallowing that requires some chewing ability examples include:

cottage cheese
ripe banana
moist meat loaf
scrambled eggs

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5
Q

DDL: advanced

A

dietary food texture modification described as soft consistency for safer swallowing that requires more advanced chewing ability,e examples include:

baked potato with skin
moist pancakes
thin sliced meat

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6
Q

compensatory swallowing maneuvers

A

techniques reommended to facilitate safe swallow during the pharyngeal phase : only considered with clients who are alert attentive adn able to follow direction
ie:

chin tuck
mendelsohn maneuver
supraglottic swallow
super-supraglottic swallow

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7
Q

chin tuck

A

compensatory swallowing maneuver that involves moving the chin towards the chest while swallowing protects the airway and reduces the risk of aspiration

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8
Q

supraglottic swallow

A

compensatory swallowing technique used to close the vocal cords before and during swallow, involves the following steps;

  1. take a deep breath
  2. holding the breath while swallowing
  3. coughing to clear saliva or food that may have passed beyond the vocal cords
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9
Q

super-supraglottic swallow

A

compensatory swallowing technique used to close the airway entrance above the vocal cords involves the following steps

  1. taking a deep breath
  2. holding the breath and bearing down as in a bowel movement while swallowing
  3. coughing to clear saliva or food that may have passed beyond the vocal cords
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10
Q

mendelsohn maneuver

A

technique used to prolong the opening of the upper esophageal sphincter during a swallow involves pushing the tongue into the upper palette while manually maintaining the Adam’s apple in an elevated position

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11
Q

work simulator

A

electromechanical isotonic and isometric strengthening device used for work evaluation and intervention to improve upper extremity functional abilities

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12
Q

work conditioning

A

program focusing on returning a client to work: may:

include restoring ability and capacity associated with work related tasks
precede work hardening program

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13
Q

work hardening

A

structured rehabilitation program aimed at maximizing a client’s physical ability to return to a specific job function after an injury may include:

job simulation activities
work conditioning exercises

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14
Q

return to work program

A

work rehabilitation continuum that promotes cost-effective steps for job-related goal attainment

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15
Q

motor control

A

ability to execute movement in a controlled and purposeful manner

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16
Q

muscle tone

A

amount of tension in a muscle while at rest

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17
Q

in hand manipulation

A

skill requiring control of the palmar arches of the hand to grasp and control objects

five patterns include: 
finger to palm 
palm to finger 
shift 
simple rotation 
complex rotation
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18
Q

joint protection strategies

A

techniques used to minimize stress or prevent excessive forces on a joint during daily tasks

principles include

using the largest joint possible for the task
sliding items and performing tasks bilaterally
modifying the environment
considering adaptive equipment

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19
Q

energy conservation techniques

A

strategies to minimize fatigue by reducing task demands or amount of effort exerted during daily routines

includes:
pacing
planning
prioritizing

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20
Q

active exercise

A

voluntary contraction and relaxation of muscles to move a body part through the available ROM

preserve joint mobility
minimize atrophy
increase strength
increase endurance

21
Q

active-assistive exercise

A

voluntary contraction and relaxation of muscles aided by an external force used with presence of severe muscle weakness to

restore ROM
regain muscle strength

22
Q

passive stretch

A

a therapeutic technique used to slightly increase length of muscle fibers

achieved either mechanically (use of orthoses) or manually (slow and controlled passive ROM)

23
Q

finger blocking exercise

A

active exercises that involves isolating a specific joint of the hand by supporting the digit just proximal to the joint being moved used to

target a specific joint
restore strength
prevent adhesions
enhance tendon glide

24
Q

shoulder subluxation

A

partial displacement or dislocation of the glenohumeral joint, may occur secondary to the effects of weakness muscle imbalance and gravty

25
Q

conservative interventions may include

A

slings, positioning devices and taping
strengthening exercises
functional electrical stimulation

26
Q

tenodesis grasp

A

kinsesiological effect that will cause the fingers to flex when the wrist is moved from neutral to extension and the fingers to extend when the wrist is moved from a neutral position to flexion

27
Q

when is tenodesis grasp used

A

for a functional advantage for clients with:

spinal cord injury at the C6 -C7 level
radial nerve palsy

28
Q

metabolic equivalent of task MET

A

measurement system commonly used in cardiac rehabilitation that indicates the energy expenditure required during a physical activity or daily task examples include

  1. 0-2.5 METs = sweeping floors
  2. 6-4.0 MET walking downstairs
29
Q

cardiac rehabilitation

A

structured inter-professional team approach used to assist individuals recovery from myocardial infarction, heart surgery, per cutaneous coronary interventions procedures

phases include:
1. inpatient
2. outpatient
3 community based

30
Q

isometric exercise

A

type of exercise in which a muscle or muscle group and joint angle do not move when the muscle acting on the joint are contracted

31
Q

codman’s pendulum exercises:

A

therpeputic exercise for the shoulder joint in which teh client bends forward to the waist with the arm perpendicular to the floor, then rocks the body side to side allowing the relaxed arm to freely move in a clockwise and counterclockwise direction

32
Q

neural gliding exercises

A

series of structured UE exercises intended to prevent nerve adhesion adn preserve neurla mobility often used as an adjunct intervention for compression neuropathies or nerve entrapment syndromes

33
Q

tendon gliding exercises

A

series of hand exercises intended to prevent tendon adhesion and preserve tendon excursion includes the following:

34
Q

stright fist: TGE

A

composite MCP and IP joint extension

35
Q

hook fist: TGE:

A

MCP joint extension with IP joint flexion

36
Q

intrinsic plus : TGE

A

MCP joint flexion with IP joint extension

37
Q

straight IPS:

A

MCP and PIP flexion with DIP joint extension

38
Q

full fist: IPS:

A

composite MCP and IP joint flexion

39
Q

kensiotape

A

an elastic tape that is used to support an affected muscle during activity

40
Q

compression garment

A

a custom fit garment used in a burn rehabilitation program to prevent and reduce hypertrophic scars by providing pressure over the affected area

41
Q

fatigue management

A

techniques used to reduce feelings of exhaustion caused by physical conditions, psychosocial stressors, or work pressures

strategies include:

use of ergonomic products
pacing the activity
alternating heavy and light tasks
practicing stress management

42
Q

mirror therapy

A

motor retraining method that includes using the reflection of the unaffected limb, typically used as an adjunct intervention for:
CRPS
phantom limb pain
hemiparesis

43
Q

ideational apraxia

A

neurobehavioral deficit characterized by the inability to correctly use an everyday tool or object for its intended purpose

using a comb to brush teeth

44
Q

motor apraxia

A

neurobehavioral deficit characterized by difficulty planning and sequencing the motor movements needed to complete task

ie attempting to reposition the bristles of a toothbrush to brush teeth when moving it from one side of the mouth to the other

45
Q

constraint induced movement therapy

A

evidenced based intervention approach in stroke rehabilitation where the unaffected limb is restrained to facilitate functional use of affected limb

46
Q

mental practice / motor imagery

A

intervention approach used in rehabilitation where the client creates a mental image of a desired movement and imagines performing the motion without actually moving the body part

47
Q

edema management

A

methods used to reduce interstitial accumulation of fluid in the extremities secondary to surgery trauma or a disease process may include

limb elevation 
cryotherapy 
compression 
retrograde massage
manual edema mobilization 
purposeful activity movement
48
Q

trunk stability

A

ability of the core musculature to maintain posture and stability influences the quality of movement of the extremities during acvities

NBCOT Domain Three Prep (6 decks)

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