Chuchla Flashcards

1
Q

what is regeneration

A

redeveloping former industrial areas or outdated housing to bring about economic and social change

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2
Q

What is rebranding

A

Ways in which a place is deliberately reinvented for economic reasons and then marketed using its new identity to attract new investors

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3
Q

what is the spiral of decline?

A

when an area gets worse over time, starting with job losses. This leads to less money, fewer people, and poorer services, making the area decline even more.

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4
Q

what is cumulative causation?

A

A process triggered by new industry which attracts employees and supporting companies such as those involved with supplies, infrastructure and leisure.

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5
Q

what does the Clarke Fischer model show

A

the percentage of people in different sectors of employment over time

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6
Q

What does Spearmans Rank show?

A

The correlation between two variables (if there is one)

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7
Q

What is an administrative function of a place

A

Places that make decisions aqbout how to organise infrastructure and economic activity for the surrounding areas

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8
Q

What is a commercial function of a place?

A

A location with strong business influence i.e TNC’s may be based here

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9
Q

What is a retail function of a place

A

An urban area with attractive retail facilities

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10
Q

What is an industrial function of a place?

A

A location whose economy and reputation is predominantly based on its industrial capacity

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11
Q

What is the northern powerhouse?

A

The governments vision for a super connected, globally competitive northern economy with a flourishing private sector, a highly skilled population + world renound civic and business leadership

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12
Q

What is deregulation

A

the reduction in rules which means that any foreign business can set up in the UK

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12
Q

positives for Cumulative Causation?

A

good places get better, a positive/upwards spiral, desirability attracts inward migration and investment

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12
Q

What are some negatives of cumulative causation?

A

Could lead to a two tier economy, Could be a skills shortage, This growth occurs at the expense of another place

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13
Q

What is the rust-belt

A

The decline in metal manufacturing

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14
Q

What are the key reasons for the decline of the rust belt?

A

Overseas companies produce cheaper coal and steel.

Mining companies have started to use more machines to cut costs

Lower wage costs in the South-Eastern USA have led to the relocation of the steel and car industries.

15
Q

What is a case study to help talk about the decline of the rust belt?

A

Beattyville - in coal country
Its median average income was $12,000 compared to the national average of $54,000

16
Q

How did globalisation affect manufacturing?

A

Manufactured goods were being produced cheaply overseas and this affected manufacturing in London

17
Q

what percentage of the UK population had professional or managerial jobs in 1951 compared to 2011

A

1951- 18%
2011 - 31%

18
Q

what are the 5 theories of what sparked Britains worst riots?

A
  1. social and economic inequality
  2. high rates of youth unemployment
  3. rank opportunism
  4. a weak police response
  5. racial profiling
19
Q

What is a sink estate?

A

A British term used for a council housing estate with high levels of social problems, particularly crime

20
Q

what are the 5 factors that affect a sense of attachment to a place?

A

Age, ethnicity, gender, length of residence, length of deprivation

21
Q

levels of engagement may be measured in 2 ways?

A

local + national election turnout
Development + support for local community groups i.e food markets or allotments

22
Q

Aims of HS2 infrastructure investment

A

aims - improve economy by improving connectivity, attract inward investment + job creation

have to move, communities will not benifit.

23
Q

pros of infrastructure investment of HS2

A

pros - businesses grow, job opportunities, boost connectivity, reduce number of flights

24
Q

cons of infrastructure investment: HS2

A

cons - destroys the environment, homes demolished, businesses will have to move, communities will not benefit, will pass through the Chilterns AONB

25
Q

Aims of heathrow infrastructure investment

A

Improve economy by improving connectivity, job creation, investment, expansion

26
Q

pros of heathrow infrastructure investment

A

huge growth in flight numbers, boost uk’s economy, create up to 77,000 local jobs

27
Q

cons of heathrow infrastructure investment

A

pollution and noise, homes would be demolished, no one wants to buy houses

28
Q

what is a greenfield site?

A

undeveloped land, often on the rural-urban fringe, that has never been built on before and may be targeted for development

29
Q

Why is the greenbelt in place?

A

to prevent urban sprawl and to make sure that there isn’t too much building and not enough biodiversity, it helps to increase and aid biodiversity in the UK

30
Q

4 rebranding strategies for Cornwall’s post production countryside

A

Farm diversification, ‘foodie’ restaurants, spectacular gardens, outdoor pursuits and adventure activities.

31
Q

what were some problems with the Eden project?

A

Traffic levels, pollution and air quality

32
Q

what are some benefits of the Eden project

A

visitor numbers are high, visitor spending (each visitor spends around £150 in Cornwall), accommodation, employs 400 full time staff, the impact on local producers, impact on other attractions

33
Q

what are 4 reasons for Cornwalls decline?

A

farming, fishing, tin and copper mining, quarrying

34
Q

what are 2 economic measures of deprivation?

A

income, employment

35
Q

what are 6 social measures of deprivation?

A

education, health, crime, barriers to housing and services, environmental, living environment

36
Q

what does a chloropleth map display?

A

divided geographical areas of regions that are coloured, shaded or patterned in relation to a data variable