ChronInflam Flashcards
1
Q
Formation of granulation tissue mechanism and function
A
- Capillaries grow
- Plasma proteins accessed
- Macrophages
- Fibroblasts lay down collagen
- Collagen replaces inflammatory exudate
- Tissue defects are patched
- Replace necrotic tissue
- Pulls together tissue
2
Q
Granulation tissue can progress to
A
- Fibrous tissue - scar
- Fibrosis as a problem: adhesion between loops of bowel following peritonitis
- Can progress to chronic inflammation
3
Q
Cells types involved in chronic inflammation
A
- Lymphocytes
- Plasma cells
- Macrophages
- Fibroblasts
4
Q
Lymphocytes
A
- Part of immune system
- Small round cells with lots of subtypes and functions
- 2 main types: T cells and B cells
- Main functions: immune response and memory
5
Q
T Cells
A
- Produce cytokines: attract and hold macrophages, excite macrophages, get other cells involved, permeability
- T-cells produce interferons: antiviral effects and attract and stimulate other cells
6
Q
B Cells
A
- Differentiate to plasma cells
- Facilitate immune response and have an immune memory
- Collaborate with macrophages: antigen presenting cells
7
Q
Plasma cells
A
- Differentiated B cell
- Antibody production
- Intermediate size
8
Q
Macrophages
A
- Remove debris
- Role in immune system, antigen presenting cell
- Bone marrow, blood tissues
9
Q
What can a macrophage become?
A
- Monocyte
- Histiocyte
- Activate macrophage
- Epitheloid cell (looks like an epithelial cell but is a macrophage)
- Giant cell
10
Q
Mechanism of macrophages
A
- Move from blood
- Take over from neutrophils
- Contain enzymes
- Produce interferons and other chemicals which destroy and influence
- Crux of chronic inflammation is if these responses tend not recede
11
Q
Fibroblasts
A
- Motile cells
- Metabolically active
- Make and assemble structural proteins: collagens and various other types
12
Q
Causes of primary chronic inflammation
A
- Material resistant to digestion
- Exogenous substance
- Endogenous substances
- Granulomatous inflammation common in all of these
13
Q
Material resistant to digestion
A
- Mycobacteria, Brucella, viruses
- Cell wall resistant to enzymes
14
Q
Exogenous substances
A
- Sutures, metal and plastic
- You don’t get an immune response as they’re sterile but you get chronic inflammation
15
Q
Endogenous substances
A
- Necrotic tissue, keratin, hair
- Similar concept as exogenous, you can’t get phagocytosed