Chronic Vision Loss

Question 1

normal IOP

Answer 1

8-21mm Hg

Question 2

IOP in glaucoma: increased, decreased or normal?

Answer 2

• almost always decreased

- BUT it could be normal or low

Question 3

most common form of glaucoma?

Answer 3

open angle

Question 4

acute narrow angle glaucoma (NAG) findings

Answer 4

• sudden elevated IOP by mechanical blockage of flow
• medical emergency
• common boards question: pt in the dark (movie theater) then walks outside; sees halo around lights; could have N/V

Question 5

glaucoma risk factors

Answer 5

• over age 40
• black race
• family hx
• chronic steroid use
• cup to disc ratio = 0.5 + or asymmetry

Question 6

cataracts

Answer 6

• usually age related; could be congenital, traumatic, nutritional, environmental, or systemic association
• caused by changes in crystalline lens
• symptoms = blurred vision

Question 7

macular degeneration

Answer 7

• leading cause of vision loss in US; usually age related
• in approx. 25% whites at 70; 33% at 80; 50% at 90
• wet type is worse
• causes painless loss of central vision
• no foveal reflex present