CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE Flashcards
Cor pulmonale
Failure of the right side of the heart as a result of prolonged high blood pressure in the pulmonary artery and right ventricle of the heart
Cyanosis
Inadequate oxygenation of the blood resulting in blueness of the skin and mucous membranes
Digital clubbing
A condition that involves the proliferation of soft tissue around the fingers and toes, without osseous change. It results in broadened extremities, and shiny and abnormally curved nails
Goblet cell
One of the many specialized epithelial cells that secrete mucous and form glands of the epithelium of the stomach, intestine and parts of the respiratory tract.
Hyperlucency
On a chest film, when a region shows greater than normal blackening from increased transmission of X-rays. This is because the object is too permeable to radiation
Hypocapnea
When there are low levels of carbon dioxide found in the blood and it often results from rapid breathing situations, such as hyperventilation
Parenchyma
The distinguishing or specific cells of a gland or organ contained in and supported by the connective tissue framework, or stroma
Pleura
A transparent covering that protects and lines the inside of the chest wall. A pleura is composed of two layers of tissue which are divided by fluid
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
A rod shaped bacterium, well adapted to proliferation in severely limited oxygenated environments. Typically infecting pulmonary tracts, urinary tracts, wounds and skin lesions. High antibiotic resistance
Retractions
An inward movement of the muscles between the ribs as a result of reduced pressure in the chest cavity
Staphylococcus aureus
A spherical bacterium, most commonly found in the nose or as a skin infection. One fifth of individuals are long-term carriers
3 portions of respiratory system
- Upper airways: nasal cavity, sinuses, pharynx, tonsils, larynx
- Lower airways:
a. Conducting airways
b. Sections dedicated to air exchange
