Chronic Kidney Disease Flashcards

1
Q

criteria for different stages of CKD

A
according to GFR
Stage 1:  >89 w/ hematuria or proteinuria
Stage 2: GFR 60-89
Stage 3: GFR 30-59
Stage 4: GFR 15-29
Stage 5: GFR <15 or on dialysis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

renoprotective factors

A

tight glucose control
tight BP control (BP<130/80)
reduction of proteinuria (w/ ACEI/ARB)
others: smoking cessation, statin therapy, anemia management

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

complications of CKD

A
anemia
hyperkalemia
hyperphosphatemia
secondary hyperparathyroidism
metabolic acidosis
HTN
uremia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

indications for dialysis

A

refractory acidosis, hyperkalemia or fluid overload
Uremia (esp encephalopathy, uremic pericarditis)
malnutrition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

which renal hormones decrease in CKD

A

calcitriol

EPO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

criteria for CKD

A

GFR 6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

CKD staging

A

CGA
cause
GFR category
Albuminuria category

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

major cause of death in CKD

A

CVD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

why does CKD lead to HTN?

A

volume expansion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

CKD effect on phosphate and vit D

A

vit D deficiency

phosphate retenion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

PTH actions (4)

A
  • promotes renal synth of calcitriol –> enhances calcium and phosphate absorption in the gut
  • increases calcium reabsorption in DT
  • decreases proximal phosphate reabsorption (by decreasing activity of Na-Phosphate transporter)
  • stimulates bone resorption if there is enough calcitriol
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how does CKD cause secondary hyperparathyroidism?

A

GFR drops –> decrease in serum Ca2+ –> stimulates PTH, which brings calcium back up to normal
process continues to balance electrolytes at the expense of rising PTH
at stage 4, serum phosphorous increases b/c aren’t enough functioning nephrons to get rid of phosphate despite rising PTH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

FGF23

A

responds to increase in phosphorus –> decrease phosphate reabsorption + INHIBITS 1alpha-hydroxylase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly