Chronic Inflammation

Question 1

What causes chronic inflammation?

Answer 1

Persistent injury/infection
Prolonged exposure to toxin
Autoimmune disease

Question 2

Eosinophils are usually mediated by __ and __ __.

Answer 2

IgE, parasitic infection

Question 3

What is eosinophil’s morphological characteristic that distinguish them from other cells?

Answer 3

Bi-lobed nucleus

Question 4

What are characteristics of acute inflammation?

Answer 4

1. Stasis (congested bv)

2. Neutrophils inside alveolar space

Question 5

What are characteristics of chronic inflammation?

Answer 5

1. Organized collection of circled lymphocytes
2. Destruction of normal tissue
3. Fibrosis (abnormal deposition of collagen; loss of tissue function)

Question 6

What are the two types of granulomas?

Answer 6

Foreign body granulomas: incited by inert foreign bodies (no response)

Immune granulomas: induce cell-mediated immune response

Question 7

What are activated macrophages in granulomatous inflammation called?

Answer 7

Epithelioid macrophages (abundant cytoplasm make them resemble epithelial cells)

Question 8

TB results in __ granuloma.

Answer 8

caseating

Question 9

What are characteristics of caseating granulomas?

Answer 9

Granular, cheesy appearance
Giant cell (can happen in other granulomas too, not a unique indicator to caseating granuloma)
Central area of necrosis

Question 10

Noncaseating granulomas have central necrosis like caseating granulomas have. T/F

Answer 10

F: noncaseating granulomas don’t have necrotic centers

Question 11

Histology of noncaseating granuloma: center and periphery

Answer 11

center is epithelioid macrophages (cluster of macrophages in granuloma) surrounded by lymphocytes

Question 12

3 distinguishing features of plasma cell:

Answer 12

nucleus pushed to the side, golgi apparatus, barrel shaped