Chronic Inflammation

Question 1

What is another term for Chronic inflammation and what cell type is mostly present?

Answer 1

Modulated

Macrophage

Question 2

Name 2 mononuclear cells

Answer 2

Lymphocytes and macrophages

Question 3

When does it develop?

Answer 3

1. without acute - TB
2. Alongside Acute-Bacterial Infection
3. After Acute

Question 4

What are Macrophages in the blood and when are they called that?

Answer 4

Monocytes in blood

Macrophages in the tissue

Question 5

What new tissue forms?

Answer 5

Granulation tissue

Question 6

Difference between Macrophages and neutrophils?

Answer 6

Macrophages circulate in blood for 6 days and can replicate whilst neutrophils die after a few days and are end cells

Question 7

Neutrophil functions:

Answer 7

Phagocytosis 
Anti presentation
Activate other cells by cytokines
Inducing fibrous 
Inducing Fever- Acute Phase Reaction - Cachexia

Question 8

T and B Lymphocytes function

Answer 8

Process Antigens
Secreting Antibodies - B
Secreting Cytokines
Killer cells by Natural killer cells

Question 9

Eosinophils

Answer 9

Attack parasites and allergic reactions

Question 10

(Myo)Fibroblast function

Answer 10

Chemotaxis

produce CT such as collagen Glucoaminoglycans and elastin. Myo can contract

Question 11

What are giant cells and name 3 .

Answer 11

Fused Macrophages with multiple Nuclei
Langhans
Foreign Body
Touton Giant cells

Question 12

Describe appearance of Langhans

Answer 12

Nuclei around edges of cell and seen in TB

Question 13

Describe appearance of Foreign Body type

Answer 13

Randomly arranged- Body phagocytosed so seen in cell or on surface

Question 14

Describe appearance of Touton

Answer 14

Ring toward the center. Lesion where they is high lipid content. Xanthomas and Fat Necrosis. Foam Cells

Question 15

Unwanted Effects of acute inflammation

Answer 15

Fibrosis- impair function
Atrophy
Tissue destruction

Question 16

Granulomatous inflammation

Answer 16

Occurs with hard to eliminate particles

Question 17

What are Epithelioid cells

Answer 17

Modified macrophages which look like Epithelial tissue

Question 18

What do Foreign Body granulomas contain ?

Answer 18

Macrophages , FB gaint cells, Epithelioid cells and fibroblasts
Non antigenic material - Surgical thread

Question 19

What do Hypersensitive or immune granulomas Contain?

Answer 19

Macrophages, L giant Cells, Epithelioid cells , Fibroblasts
Insoluble but antigenic particles
They can occupy parachymal space .

Question 20

What is Chronic Cholecyctitis?

Answer 20

Obstruction by gall stones leads to fibrosis of Gall Bladder wall

Question 21

What is Ulcerative Colitis ?

Answer 21

Superficial Bleeding and inflammation in the Colon rectum

Question 22

What are the causes of Cirrhosis

Answer 22

Chronic viral hepatitis (hepatitis B and C)

Fat accumulating in the liver (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease)