chronic inflammation Flashcards
chronic inflammation
response of prolonged duration in which inflammation + tissue injury + attemppts at repair all coexist, in varying conditions
causes of CI
- source of infection persists
- prolonged exposure to toxic agent
- hypersensitivity decreases
- untreated acute inflammation
where are macrophages derived from?
immature myeloid progenitor cells in bone marrow
macrophages are differentiated from…?
monocytes in blood
M1 macrophages
- inhibit cell proliferation
- causes tissue damage
- pro inflammatory
- functions as immune monitor
M2 macrophages
- promotes cell proliferation
- promotes tissue repair
- anti-inflammatory
resident macrophage of liver…
kupffer cells
resident macrophage of CNS…
microglial cells
resident macrophage of lungs…
alveolar macrophages
resident macrophage of spleen + lymph nodes…
sinus histocytes
roles of macrophages
- phagocytosis
- initiates tissue repair
- secretes chemokines
- release growth factors
- releases proteases
- presents antigen to T cells
plasma cells are differentiated…
B - lymphocytes
plasma cells originate from? + function
- originate in bone marrow
- secrete large quantities of antibodies
plasma cells cancer
multiple myeloma
plasma cells have eccentric nuclei with…
heterochromatin in cartwheels
large golgi apparatus with…
rough endoplasmic reticulum
granulomatous inflammation?
form of chronic inflammation characterised by focal collections of activated macrophages
when does granulation occur?
when offending agents are resistant to be killed by macrophages
macrophages stimuled to become…
epithelioid cells
process of granulation
- foreign body
- normal defence activated
- difficult to eradicate
- cytoplasm increase
- cell flattens, looks epithelial
- called epithelioid
- can fuse and form multinucleated giant cells
- foreign body walled off
- granuloma formed
epithelioid cells
- elongated nucleus
- less phagocytic capabilty
- more microbial killing capability
