Atherosclerosis Flashcards
1
Q
atherosclerosis
A
- thickening/hardening of arteries
- caused by buildup of plaque in the inner lining of an artery
2
Q
arteriosclerosis
A
- general term describing hardening arteries
- group of disorders that have hardening and loss of elasticity of arterial walls in common
3
Q
atherogenesis
A
development of atheromatous plaques
4
Q
what does atherosclerosis cause?
A
- stenosis of aorta, coronary, cerebral
- myocardial infarction, cardiac arrests
- less comonly causes periperal vascular disease + ischaemic heart disease
5
Q
plaques causes stenosis which cause…
A
- hypoperfusion
- blood clots
6
Q
what is hypoperfusion?
A
- poor circulation of blood from heart to lungs
- reduced oxygen and nutrient availability
7
Q
when artery becomes hardened…
A
- increased blood pressure
- angina
8
Q
what is angina?
A
chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to heart muscles
9
Q
when artery becomes wider may develop…
A
aneurysm that could rupture
10
Q
plaques may rupture releasing…
A
balls of debris and clots that forms embolism
11
Q
what do embolisms cause?
A
coronary + cerebral thrombosis
12
Q
stages of atherosclerosis
A
refer to notes
13
Q
non-modifiable risk factors for atherosclerosis
A
- age - older you are, more likely to develop
- gender - men more likely at earlier age
- family history - if male before 55 or female before 65 had it - higher risk
- ethnicity - south asian high risk of diabetes which is risk factor for atherosclerosis
14
Q
modifiable risk factors
A
- smoking
- diabetes - damages walls of arteries which increases risk
- high cholesterol
- high blood pressure
- body weight - being obese
15
Q
lumen of the arterial wall is lined by a layer of …
A
endothelial cells
