Chromosomes Flashcards
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Name the 2 parts of a chromosome.
Centromere (middle), and the genes.
What does “switch parts” mean?
The alteration that is passed on to every cell that develops from this cell
What is meiosis cross-over?
When there are recombination genes mixed (crossed) over meiosis.
What are assortment traits?
Assortment traits are a trait in a gene that is gained independently.
What is gene mutation?
When there is a single change in the sequence of nitrogenous bases (G, A, T, C)
List 3 ways mutation is obtained.
One: Insertion- the addition of one or more nucleotide in a gene
Two: Deletion- a part of a chromosome or a sequence of DNA is lost during DNA replication
Three: Substitution in a base of DNA
How do the mutations occur?
By chance or by outside processes
What happens if a mutated gene is advantageous?
It will be able to survive in the population of genes.
How can one get Sickle cell anemia?
By a change in one of the polypeptides found in hemoglobin.
Define Nondisjustication.
To take apart, or disassemble.
The way of detecting gene disorders.
Karyotype display of all chromosomes in homologous.
What is Down Syndrome?
An extra 21st chromosome
What does XXY equal?
Too much testosterone.
What is Turner’s Syndrome?
An extra 13th chromosome.
Resulting in a polydactyly (extra finger or toe)
