chromosomes Flashcards
What is a chromosome?
Chromosomes are threadlike structures within the cell nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from on generation of cells to the next. Chromosomes are made up of DNA
Diploid
A cell organism that has to complete sets of chromosomes (one paternal, one maternal) eg body cells, fertilized eggs
Haploid
A cell/organism that has a single set of chromosomes
(just paternal or just maternal) eg egg or sperm
Homologous Pairs
One chromosome from each parent (you then have two different chromosomes of the same number)
what are proteins made of?
A protein is made up of a large strand of amino acids
what is a gene?
a gene is a strand of DNA that codes for a specific trait or characteristic
what is an allele?
an allele is an alternative form of a gene
define locus
the locus is the location where the gene is found on the chromosome
what is Heridity
heridity is the passing on of characteristics from one generation to the offspring
Genotype
the genetic makeup of an indivdual
Phenotype
the physical expression of the individual
