Chromosomes Flashcards
What is a genome?
The complete set of genetic material in an organism.
How many chromosomes does a normal human have?
46 chromosomes.
What are the male sex chromosomes?
XY
What are the female sex chromosomes?
XX
What are autosomes?
Chromosomes that carry the majority of an individual’s genetic information, including genes that determine most traits unrelated to sex.
How many pairs of autosomes do humans have?
22 pairs of autosomes, numbered 1 to 22 based on their size; 1 being largest, 22 smallest.
What is the function of autosomes?
Aautosomes contain genes responsible for determining appearances and other metabolic characteristics.
What are karyotypes?
A visual representation of an organism’s complete set of chromosomes.
What is trisomy?
A genetic condition where someone has 3 copies of a particular chromosome instead of the usual 2.
