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GN 311 Module 3 > Chromosome Structure > Flashcards

Chromosome Structure Flashcards

1
Q

Are histones highly conserved proteins?

A

Histones are highly conserved proteins, especially H3 and H4

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2
Q

Why is DNA packaging important?

A

DNA is long; so for it to fit in the nucleus, it is important for it to be packaged properly into chromatin

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3
Q

What is supercoiling?

A

Occurs when DNA coils back on itself and when it is overwound or underwound

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4
Q

Describe positive supercoiling

A

Over-rotated in same direction as DNA coil; so left-handed supercoil compensates

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5
Q

Describe negative supercoiling

A

DNA is underwound so right-handed supercoil compensates

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6
Q

What is the function of centromeres in cell division?

A

Centromeres must attach to spindle fibers for proper segregation into daughter cells

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7
Q

Are centromeres heterochromatic or euchromatic?

A

Heterochromatic

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8
Q

Describe telomeres

A
  1. Provide stability for ends of chromosomes so that chromosomes are not degraded by exonucleases
  2. Prevent chromosomes from joining with each other at the ends due to ligase activity
  3. Provide proper replication of the end of chromosome
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GN 311 Module 3 (4 decks)

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