chromosomal mutations

Question 1

what causes a chromosomal mutation

Answer 1

• when meiosis does not proceed correctly

* when changes in the structure or number of chromosomes takes place

Question 2

what is it referred to when an unusual thing happens to the chromosomes

Answer 2

a chromosomal mutation takes place

Question 3

what condition occurs when there are extra chromosomes or missing chromosomes in a cell

Answer 3

a condition called aneuploidy may occur

Question 4

an example of aneuploidy

Answer 4

down syndrome

Question 5

what causes down syndrome

Answer 5

when theres an extra chromosome

Question 6

what happens when chromosome pairs dont separate during meiosis

Answer 6

non-disjunction occurs

Question 7

what is trisomy 21

Answer 7

when you have an extra chromosome which is also known as down syndrome

Question 8

characteristics of people with down syndrome

Answer 8

• almond-shaped eyes
• small ears
• shorter fingers and toes
• shorter in height

Question 9

two examples of chromosomal abnormalities due to irregular division in meiosis are ?

Answer 9

turner syndrome and klinefelter syndrome

Question 10

similarities between mitosis and meiosis

Answer 10

• both are cell division processes

* both require DNA replication during interphase

Question 11

differences between meiosis and mitosis

Answer 11

• mitosis takes place in and plants and animals whilst meiosis takes place in reproductive organs