Christmas Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Atomic number

A

No of protons in an atom of that same element

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2
Q

What is an electron

A

Subatomic particle, located in electron cloud of an atom

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3
Q

Orbital

A

Region of space within the nucleus of an atom with a high probability of finding an electron

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4
Q

Cathode rays

A

Streams of negatively charged rays called electrons

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5
Q

State One limitation of Arrhenius acid base theory

A

NH3 cannot be considered a base

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6
Q

Acid according to Arrhenius

A

Substance that dissociates in water to give protons

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7
Q

Acid according to bronsted Lowry

A

Proton donor

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8
Q

What is a conjugate pair

A

Two species that differ by a proton

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9
Q

Knocking

A

Results from petrol auto igniting

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10
Q

Octane number

A

Measure of a tendency of a fuel to resist knocking

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11
Q

Define heat of formation

A

Heat change when 1 mole of a substance is formed from its elements in their standard states

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12
Q

Define fractional distillation

A

Separation into components according to molecular size

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13
Q

Hess law

A

Heat change for a reaction depends only on initial and final states

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14
Q

Atomic theory

A

matter is composed of tiny, indivisible particles called atoms that can neither be created nor destroyed.

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15
Q

Why might an electron not occupy n= 1

A

Excited

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16
Q

What colour can be seen when electron jumps from n= 3 to n= 2

A

Red

17
Q

What are the lines on the hydrogen emission spectra called

A

Balmer

18
Q

How many orbitals are associated with n = 2

A

4

19
Q

What is the max no of electrons that can occupy n = 3

A

18 (2 + 8 + 8)

20
Q

What term described the condition of the electron when E1

A

Ground state

21
Q

What causes the electron to leave E1 level

A

Acquires energy or is heated

22
Q

Why does the electron not stay in E2 E3 etc

A

Higher energy states unstable

23
Q

What is the energy level that produces colour

A

N= 2

24
Q

How does modern atomic theory describe behaviour of electrons

A

Electrons are tiny particles that also have wave properties

25
Q

What was the purpose of milikans oil drop experiment

A

Measure magnitude of charge of electron

26
Q

What happens in a radioactive nucleus during beta decay

A

Neutron changes into a proton and an electron which is emitted

27
Q

Why does ammonia have hydrogen bonding

A

Nitrogen small and highly electronegative

28
Q

Why does ammonia have highest boiling point

A

It has hydrogen bonding which is stronger than the other intermolecular forces

29
Q

Why is phosphine’s boiling point lower than arsine

A

Phosphine molecules smaller