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Christianity BTP Flashcards

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1
Q

Nature Of God

A
  • Omnipotent, all powerful.
  • Omniscient, all knowing.
  • Transcendent, he exists out of space and time.
  • Immanent, present throughout humanity’s existence.
  • Eternal, without a beginning or end.
  • Benevolent, he is loving.
  • Fair, he is the righteous judge of humans.
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2
Q

Why is God a fair judge?

A

He knows all, sees all, and is benevolent, so he cannot make mistakes in his judgement, meaning he is fair.

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3
Q

Christianity - Quote for God’s love for humans

A

“For God so loved the world that he gave his one and only son…”

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4
Q

Quote for there being only one God.

A

“You shall have no other Gods before me…”

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5
Q

What is the holy trinity?

A

The concept of God being made up of three distinct parts:
- The Father
- The Son
- The Holy Spirit

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6
Q

Describe the trinity.

A
  • Each part of the trinity is God, and there is only one God.
  • Each part is equal.
  • Each part fulfils a different role.
  • The Father is commonly referred to as God, The Son as Jesus.
  • The Father and Holy Spirit are unseen, whereas Jesus lived on Earth.
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7
Q

Why do some Christians reject the holy trinity?

A

They believe it puts the monotheism of Christianity in danger, and that it goes against the 2nd commandment (Exodus 20:3)

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8
Q

Which Christian groups reject the trinity?

A

Unitarians and Christadelphians

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9
Q

Describe the role of The Father as the creator in Genesis.

A
  • God brings order to chaos.
  • By speaking aloud, he brings all things into existence, starting with light.
  • Over the 6 days he fills the world with plants and creatures.
  • Humans, the final part of God’s creation, were made in the image of God.
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10
Q

The role of the Holy Spirit in Genesis 1 and 2. (Quotes)

A
  • The spirit is present in Genesis 1, “hovering over the waters”.
  • When God created Adam, God “breathed into his nostrils the breath of life”. This description of breath can be translated as spirit.
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11
Q

The role of the Word in Creation [John 1]

A
  • John 1 gives The Son the title ‘The Word’.
  • The Word is present with God before the world’s creation.
  • Through the Word life is given to all things.
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12
Q

In Christianity, describe the role and purpose of human beings. Include a quote. What was Adam’s role?

A
  • Humans were given authority over the Earth.
  • Humans were told to “be fruitful and multiply”, to populate the Earth.
  • Adam was placed in the Garden of Eden to take care of it, and Eve is his helper.
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13
Q

Did God create Adam and Eve with free will?

A

Yes, God gave Adam and Eve free will, and they made the decision to eat from the specific tree God forbade eating from.

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14
Q

What does ‘The Fall’ represent?

A

The end of a perfect relationship with God.

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15
Q

What is the ‘Original Sin’?

A

The very first sin that first entered the world through Adam and Eve’s disobedience toward the rules set by God, from when they ate fruit from the forbidden tree of knowledge.

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16
Q

Describe the story of the fall.

A
  • In Genesis 3, Adam and Eve are manipulated by ‘The Serpent’ (Satan) into questioning God’s rule, and eating from the tree.
  • Eve is tempted and eats the fruit, sharing it with Adam.
  • They have both now disobeyed God, and this is the original sin.
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17
Q

How has the fall affected the entire human race?

A
  • Christians believe every person born is affected by this original sin.
  • So Christians all need salvation to repair their broken relationship with God.
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18
Q

What things do all Christians agree about the story of creation in Genesis?

A
  • God created the entire universe.
  • Human beings are made in God’s image but are sinful and lack his perfection.
  • God acted out of love and goodness, and he cares for his creation, even in its broken and sinful state.
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19
Q

What is the creationist approach to the story of creation?

A
  • When Christians take the story of creation in the bible as the literal truth, as they believe the bible is the word of God.
  • They reject any science indicating that the world was not made in 6 days.
  • They argue that the world is approximately 5,700 years old.
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20
Q

What is theistic evolution?

A

The belief that life developed through the process of evolution, but that it was God who started this process.

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21
Q

View that the story of creation in Genesis is a myth.

A
  • Some Christians believe that the accounts of genesis are not literal, as there is scientific evidence to show the earth is billions of years old.
  • The 6 days referred to in Genesis 1 are in God’s time, not our time.
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22
Q

What is evil?

A

Everything that is the opposite of good; that which is wicked and causes suffering.

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23
Q

What is the problem of evil?

A
  • If God is benevolent, then he should care enough to stop the suffering caused by evil, yet he hasn’t. Perhaps he is not omnipotent.
  • If God is omnipotent and has the power to stop suffering, yet he doesn’t, he is not benevolent.
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24
Q

Moral Evil

A
  • Evil that is a result of the sinful nature of humans.
  • Suffering caused by the actions of human beings.
  • Life is a test, to see how humans deal with human evil.
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25
Q

Natural Evil

A
  • Suffering created through no direct fault of humans.
  • This includes all natural disasters, such as earthquakes and floods.
  • Without natural disasters, there would be no opportunity to show love for others when people are in need.
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26
Q

Christian beliefs about Jesus

A
  • Jesus was God incarnated.
  • His conception was not natural but he was conceived by The Holy Spirit.
  • The Holy Spirit caused Mary to become pregnant without the need for a human father - this is Jesus’ miraculous conception.
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27
Q

Christian beliefs about Jesus as the Lord and Saviour

A
  • After the fall, the relationship between humans and God was broken.
  • Jesus was sent to Earth by God The Father to take the punishment for all human sin and restore this relationship, with his death as sufficient payment.
  • Jesus then beat death, as he returned to life. This sacrifice gave Christians the chance of salvation so they can enter heaven.
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28
Q

What is the importance of Jesus’ teachings?

A
  • They show how humans should live in obedience to God.
  • Jesus was moved by compassion, and acted to help everyone.
  • He healed the sick, raised the dead, and fed the hungry.
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29
Q

Christianity quote for why Christians should love all people.

A

“Love thy neighbour as you love yourself.”

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30
Q

What is sacrificial love? What is it called in the old testament?

A
  • Selfless love that you show to all, where you place God, and other people, even enemies, above yourself. You do things for the benefit of others, without expecting anything in return.
  • It is called agape love in the old testament.
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31
Q

What does 3 things does practising sacrificial (agape love) require Christians to do?

A
  • Forgive each other.
  • Help people when they are in need.
  • Work to achieve peace.
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32
Q

What is evangelism?

A

Sharing Jesus’ message and persuading others to become believers, so they can achieve salvation through Jesus.

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33
Q

Liberal Christian beliefs about Jesus and his accounts of miracles

A
  • Some Liberal Christians do not take biblical accounts literally.
  • Many Liberal Christians believe that miracles are simply stories with meaning, not actual events that happened and broke the laws of nature.
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34
Q

Conservative Christian beliefs about Jesus and his accounts from the bible

A
  • Conservative Christians believe that God can do anything as he is all-powerful, so anything is powerful.
  • Thus, accounts from the bible are true, such as the virgin birth and miracles.
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35
Q

What does the word ‘beatitudes’ mean?

A

Blessings.

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36
Q

What did Jesus say in the passage Beatitudes? (Sermon on the Mount)

A

He described the attitudes/qualities God wants his followers to develop, that he will bless. These include:
- Meekness (Patient/Submissiveness)
- Mercy
- Peace

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37
Q

What was the Sermon on the Mount? What are the sections of it?

A

One of the most important speeches in Christianity, where Jesus tought people how to be the ideal Christian, and how to live in order to please God. It is divided into 6 sections:

  1. The Beatitudes
  2. Jesus and the law
  3. True discipleship
  4. True righteousness
  5. The narrow gateway
  6. Building on solid foundations
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38
Q

What did Jesus say in the passage Jesus and the law? (Sermon on the Mount)

A
  • Moses brought the law of God originally to the Israelites. He does not get rid of this law, but changes the way that believers should understand it.
  • He teaches obedience to the law must come from a person’s heart.
  • Love not just your neighbour, but everyone.
  • A person thinking of something is as bad as the action.
  • Jesus demonstrated this love when he died for all of our sins.
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39
Q

What did Jesus say in the passage True Discipleship? (Sermon on the Mount)

A
  • To be a true follower, be sincere in all you do, keep fasting/charity private, and don’t do outward acts of religion just to show others you’re righteous.
  • Make your prayers straight and to the point, not complicated, as it does not make you more spiritual.
  • He gave us the Lord’s Prayer.
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40
Q

What did Jesus say in the passage True Righteousness? (Sermon on the Mount)

A

Wealth:
- Be humble, and take your commitment to faith seriously. God will provide for you.
- You cannot love God and money at the same time.

Judging others:
- He criticised judgement and hypocrisy with the analogy of the plank and sawdust.
- No person is perfect, so you cannot judge anyone else.
- If you judge others, God will use the same standards to judge you.
- Focus on yourself, and how to get closer to God.

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41
Q

What did Jesus say in the passage The Narrow Gateway? (Sermon on the Mount)

A
  • Being a Christian is difficult.
  • In life, there are two gateways, The Narrow Gateway, and The Wide Gateway
  • It is easier to walk through the wide gateway, but it leads to destruction.
  • Life is difficult, but it leads to an eternity of rewards in heaven.
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42
Q

What did Jesus say in the passage Building on solid foundations (Sermon on the Mount)

A
  • Jesus uses the analogy of a house built on sandy foundations compared with one built on solid rock.
  • The rock one stands firm, the sand one is washed away.
  • Faith (the rock house) allows a person to get through tough times.
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43
Q

What are the six main passages of the Sermon on the Mount?

A
  • The Beatitudes
  • Jesus and the law
  • True Discipleship
  • True righteousness
  • The narrow gateway
  • Building on solid foundations
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44
Q

What does ‘God Incarnate’ mean?

A

The concept of God as a man. Jesus was simply God in the form of a man, and so he was referred to as God incarnate.

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45
Q

Describe the incarnation

A
  • The incarnation of God meant he was not affected by the original sin.
  • Jesus as God Incarnate provides the perfect example how God wants every person to live.
  • Jesus performed miracles, showing that he was God, and giving a glimpse of heaven, where there is no pain, disease, or suffering.
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46
Q

Describe the crucifixion

A
  • Jesus suffered he full pain of human death, as Jesus.
  • Christians believe that God understands human suffering, as he, as Jesus, suffered during his crucifixion.
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47
Q

Describe the resurrection, and what it proved.

A
  • Jesus did not remain dead, and rose from the dead 3 days later.
  • This demonstrated his power over death, and proved further Jesus was God Incarnate.
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48
Q

Describe the ascension.

A
  • Some Christians believe that Jesus literally returned back up to heaven
  • Some believe it symbolised the success of good over evil.
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49
Q

State all the stages of Jesus’ birth up until he returned to heaven.

A
  1. Incarnation
  2. Crucifixion
  3. Resurrection
  4. Ascension
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50
Q

Conservative Christian view on the incarnation, crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension.

A
  • Some believe the events actually took place as they are described.
  • Some believe the ascension for example, was metaphorical.
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51
Q

Christian use of the crucifix

A
  • Some Christians use a crucifix in worship to focus on the meaning of the death of Jesus, and his sacrifice.
  • However, the empty cross in protestant churches reflects on the Christian belief that the crucifixion was not the end, and that Jesus rose from the dead.
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52
Q

What is salvation? Before Jesus, where did salvation come from?

A
  • Salvation is the act of keeping away from evil and being saved from sin, in order to reach heaven.
  • Before Jesus, salvation had come from following the laws given to Moses in the Torah. When Jesus died on the cross, his death acted as a payment for the human sins that were a result of people disregarding God’s laws.
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53
Q

How did Jewish people atone before Christ?

A
  • Once a year they offered an atonement sacrifice on the ‘Day of Atonement’
  • Priest would enter the innermost part of the temple called ‘the Holy of Holies’, by walking through a separating heavy veil.
  • There he made an animal sacrifice, and the blood of the animal would bring atonement between humans and God.
54
Q

How did Jesus’ sacrifice offer Christians a chance to atone?

A
  • Jesus’ death provided a sacrifice to atone for all human sin, and unlike animal sacrifice, Jesus’ sacrifice had an eternal effect.
  • Through his sacrifice, people are able to receive salvation from God.
  • As people show repentance for their sin, God accepts Jesus’ death the payment for it.
55
Q

What is ‘Grace’?
Not the prayer.

A
  • Unconditional love that God shows to people who do not deserve it.
  • They are no longer saved through their own acts/obedience, but rather through the grace of God.
  • As long as a Christian doesn’t have faith in Christ, they are imperfect and sinful.
56
Q

What is ‘redemption’?

A
  • The process of buying something back or paying off a debt.
  • Christians believe the salvation that God offers is actually God offering to pay their debt of sin.
57
Q

What is ‘Repentance and forgiveness’?

A
  • Christians believe that in order to be saved, they need to say sorry to God and ask for forgiveness for their sins.
  • This means showing remorse and regret for the sins you have done in order to be forgiven.
58
Q

Quote for grace

A

“For it is by grace you have been saved…”

59
Q

Describe apocalyptic ideas in the Early Church

A
  • The end of time was described in dramatic and frightening ways.
  • Early Christians believed although Jesus ascended from Earth, he would return and replace the sinful and evil world we live in.
  • The second coming of Christ made people believe the end of the world was coming soon at any time , so they lived with this expectation in mind.
60
Q

What is the second coming of Christ called?

A

Parousia.

61
Q

Christianity quote for being peaceful and treating everyone equally

A

“Do to others what you would have them to do you”

62
Q

Quote for the holy spirit and trinity

A

“The spirit of God was hovering over the waters.”

63
Q

Quote for God creating man in his own image

A

“He created man in his own image…”

64
Q

Quote for Jesus’ incarnation

A

“The word became flesh and made his dwelling among us.”

65
Q

Quote for Resurrection

A

“He is not here, he has risen”.

66
Q

Christianity quote for the importance of believing in Jesus to be saved from sin.

A

“Whosoever believes in him [The Son] will not perish, but have an everlasting life”.

67
Q

Quote for Evangelism

A

“Go and make followers of all people in the world.”

68
Q

Quote for Christians persecuted in the name of God

A

“Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.”

69
Q

What do Christians believe about repentance and forgiveness?

A
  • In order to be saved, they need to say sorry to God for their sins.
70
Q

Christians beliefs about Heaven, and quote about what it’s like.

A
  • Eternal presence of God.
  • Descriptions of blinding light, singing, and beauty.
  • No suffering exists, encourages Christians to be obedient.
  • Some Christians it is not a place, but a state of mind.
  • “There will be no more mourning, or crying, or pain”
71
Q

What is purgatory? Which denomination believes in it?

A
  • A roman catholic belief.
  • If you die in a good spiritual state, you will go heaven.
  • Most people aren’t pure enough however, so they need purification before entering heaven.
  • Purgatory is a place of purification, but it isn’t like hell, because people in purgatory know they will go to heaven.
72
Q

Quote for cursed people going to hell. What is the idea of Judgement in Christianity, and what should Christians focus on in life?

A
  • “Depart from me, you who are cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels”
  • Focus on simply making life better for others now.
  • The biblical story (parable) of the sheep and the goats explains the idea of judgement to Christians.
  • The sheep represent all who have helped those in need or have given back to the world in some way.
  • The goats represent those who have acted in an unkind or selfish way.
73
Q

Christianity - Quote about the sacrifices you need to make and how important it is to go to heaven.

A

“If your right eye begins to stumble, gouge it out and throw it away. It is better to lose one part of your body than for your entire body to be thrown into hell.”

74
Q

What are the three types of worship?

A
  • Liturgical
  • Non-liturgical
  • Charismatic
75
Q

Describe the structure of liturgical worship. Which denominations follow it?

A
  • Set patterns for services.
  • Congregation responds to the person leading the service.
  • They are the same everytime, as they follow a set pattern.
  • The Roman Catholic, CoE, and orthodox church use this.
  • There are distinct readings, prayers, rituals, and music for the different seasons of the liturgical year.
76
Q

Describe the structure of non-liturgical worship. Which denominations follow it?

A
  • It is spontaneous, and doesn’t follow a pre-organised structure.
  • A minister leads the service, but anyone in the congregation can pray/preach the sermon.
  • This is common in protestant and non-conformist churches, e.g the baptist church.
  • The sermon is the focus of the service.
77
Q

Describe the structure of charismatic worship. Which denominations follow it?

A
  • Does not follow a set-pattern, and often includes dancing, clapping, and people raising their hands in the air.
  • Performed by charismatic Christians, where Christians believe they receive gifts from the Spirit, e.g. Glossolalia (speaking in tongues).
78
Q

Describe orthodox wedding services (PART 1/2)

A
  • Couple exchanges rings at engagement before wedding (called betrothal ceremony).
  • During this ceremony most rituals are performed thrice (represents trinity).
  • Rings are held in priests hands, and he presses the grooms & brides head three times.
  • Rings then exchanged between groom and bride thrice (signifying how they will complement each other in their marriage).
79
Q

Describe orthodox wedding services (PART 2/2)

A
  • Ring is placed on third finger of right hand.
  • The couple hold candles in their left hand to symbolise God’s blessing.
  • Silver crowns (stefanas) are places on the couple’s heads.
  • Priest joins their hands and prays they have a blessed marriage.
  • Couple sips wine from same cup, recalling when Jesus turned water into wine.
80
Q

In Orthodox Weddings, what does the priest say at the end as a blessing to the GROOM?

A

“Be thou magnified, O bridegroom, as Abraham, and blessed as Isaac and and multiply as Jacob. Walk in peace and work in righteousness, as the commandments of God.”

81
Q

In Orthodox Weddings, what does the priest say at the end as a blessing to the BRIDE?

A

“And thou, O Bride, be thou magnified as Sarah, glad as Rebecca, and multiply like unto Rachel, rejoicing in thine own husband, fulfilling the conditions of the law, for so it is well pleasing unto God.”

82
Q

How do mourners at a funeral benefit from attending?

A
  • It is an acknowledgement that someone is no longer in this world, but safe in God’s care.
  • Opportunity to express love/admiration for the person publicly.
  • They can draw comfort from other mourners, and in the reassurance that the dead person lives on with God.
83
Q

State the common features in a Christian Funeral Service (common across most dominations)

A
  • Bible reading
  • Eulogy
  • Prayers
  • Hymns
  • Requiem Mass
  • Burial/cremation
84
Q

Describe the ‘Bible Reading’ of a Christian funeral service.

A
  • The bible is read and it follows on the prospect of eternal life with God after death for the deceased.
85
Q

Describe the of a ‘Eulogy’ Christian funeral service.

A
  • This is a talk/speech where a person’s life is remembered and their achievements acknowledged.
  • This is often through the sharing of memories, by close friends/relatives.
86
Q

Describe the ‘Prayers’ of a Christian funeral service.

A
  • Prayers are made for the friends & relatives of the dead person, asking that God supports them in their time of grief and gives them strength to move on.
  • In Catholic services, prayers are often said for the dead too.
  • The dead person is entrusted into the care of God.
87
Q

Describe the ‘Hymns’ of a Christian funeral service.

A
  • One more more hymns are sung.
  • The offer comfort, and bring people together, by united the congregation in grief.
  • The hymns are sometimes chosen by the person who died before their death, or by the closest friends/relatives.
88
Q

What is individual worship?

A
  • When Christians spending some time everyday day doing their own things as worship.
  • For example, reading the bible.
  • It is important for developing personal relationship with God.
89
Q

Christianity importance of worship quote

A
  • “God is spirit, and his worshippers must worship the Spirit and in truth”.
90
Q

Sacrament

A

An outward act (ritual) with an inner spiritual meaning.

91
Q

How many sacrament do roman catholics have?

A

Seven.

92
Q

What are the 7 sacrament of the roman catholic church?

A
  • Baptism
  • Eucharist (Holy communion)
  • Confirmation
  • Reconciliation
  • Marriage
  • Holy orders
  • Anointing of the sick
93
Q

What are the two sacraments of the protestant church (inc. CoE)?

A

They are the sacraments of the gospel:

  • Baptism
  • The Eucharist
94
Q

Describe the eucharist sacrament, and differences in its belief.

A
  • Bread and wine are brought to the holy table (also called ‘the altar’), the priest prays the Eucharistic Prayer, and everyone says the Lord’s Prayer together.
  • Catholics believe in transubstantiation.
  • Anglicans believe in consubtantiation.
95
Q

What is transubstantiation?

A
  • The belief that the bread and wine offered at Eucharist are actually transformed into the blood and body of Jesus.
96
Q

What is Consubstantiation?

A
  • The belief that Jesus is spiritually present in the bread and wine offered at the eucharist.
97
Q

What is the importance of the Eucharist?

A
  • It reminds Christians of the sacrifice of Jesus and the salvation they have received.
  • It brings Christians closer together to other members of the community.
98
Q

Describe the sacrament baptism.

A
  • Baptism symbolises a person’s admission into the Christian Church.
  • Water is either sprinkled over a person’s head or they are immersed in water.
  • Symbolised purification and being washed clean from sin.
99
Q

How do Catholic, Orthodox, and CoE Christians perform baptism?

A
  • Catholics, Orthodox, and CoE perform infant baptism.
  • The ceremony is called christening.
  • Orthodox Christians submerge infants, whereas the others only sprinkle holy water on forehead.
  • They believe this ritual allows a baby to receive God’s blessing, and the baby’s parents make the promise to raise the baby as Christian.
100
Q

Beliefs about baptism for Non-Conformist denominations (and give two examples)

A
  • A person has to make the conscious decision to be baptised.
  • So they baptise people as adults.
  • Jesus and many others in the new testament were baptised as adults.
  • A person has to be a believer before being baptised.
  • Pentecostals and Baptists
101
Q

Christianity - What happens in congregational worship?

A
  • A congregation can simply listen to prayers and say ‘amen’ meaning in agreeance at the end.
  • Congregations sometimes take part in prayers.
102
Q

What does the lord’s prayer include?

A
  • Confession of the things they have done wrong.
  • Thanksgiving for all God has given them.
  • Adoration of God, and concern for others.
  • Supplication, which is asking for something special for themselves or others.
103
Q

Importance of pilgrimage in Christianity

A
  • Distractions in life are removed, so they become closer to God.
  • More aware of the need for God as physically, pilgrimages are tough.
  • It can cause a disbeliever to experience a sense of awe.
  • Deep spiritual impact.
104
Q

Lourdes Pilgrimage

A
  • In 1858, a 14 year old girl has visions from God. A spring appeared at the site of visions, and the water is believed to have healing powers.
  • An RC Church was built here called ‘Basilica of our lady of the rosary’.
  • They travel here for healing, and strengthening of faith and relationship with God.
105
Q

Describe pilgrimage to Jerusalem. Why? What do they do?

A
  • Jesus lived here near the end of his life.
  • Helps the bible come to life as many stories occurred here.
  • The Church of Holy Sepulchre, was built over where the tomb of Jesus was.
  • Pilgrims pour oil on the stone of unction, and then rub this off with a handkerchief to take home as a relic.
106
Q

Stone of Unction

A

The stone believed to be where Jesus’ body was laid and washed following his crucifixion.

107
Q

Significance of the largest church in the world st peters in rome

A

It was built over where st peter’s body is believed to be.

108
Q

Advent, and it’s importance

A
  • Part of the Christmas celebrations.
  • Begins on the forth Sunday before Christmas.
  • Advent in the Church marks the celebration of the birth of Jesus, but also of the preparation for second coming (Parousia).
  • This time is used to spiritually get ready for Christmas and to seek God’s forgiveness.
109
Q

Christmas Day (Differences between orthodox and catholics)

A
  • Churches hold services to celebrate Jesus’ birth.
  • Catholics celebrate it 25th December and they do a midnight mass.
  • Orthodox Christians celebrate on 7th Jan and they fast and they burn frankincense.
  • Orthodox people fast to shift their focus from themselves to others, spend less time worried about food and care for the poor, and pray more.
110
Q

Why is Christmas important for Christians?

A
  • It is the celebration of Jesus’ incarnation, when God was born as human.
  • His birth is the point in history that Christians believe gives humanity hope of an eternal life with God as their relationship heals.
111
Q

Describe infant baptism

A
  • Child has water sprinkled over its head (Catholic)
  • Child is immersed in water (Orthodox)
  • Parents are then expected to bring up the child in the Christian faith until the child accepts Christianity for themselves.
112
Q

Confirmation

A
  • After Children are baptised as children, they make their own decision about belonging to the Christian faith when they are old enough.
  • It happens in RC, CoE, Orthodox, and Methodist.
113
Q

Believer’s baptism. Which denomination follows this?

A
  • In nonconformists (Baptists, Amish, Methodist’s), Christians choose this to show their choice to become a Christian using free will as an adult.
  • They ask God for forgiveness and publicly commit to following Christianity.
  • They wear white to symbolise purity.
114
Q

Christian aid agencies

A
  • They aim to meet the needs of the people.
  • Cafod: Catholic agency that works in the developing world to bring hope to those in poor communities.
  • Christian Aid: Works to get rid of poverty in around 50 countries, and spread Jesus’ message of love and compassion.
  • American red cross: Provides emergency assistance, disaster relief, and preparedness in the US.
115
Q

What are ecumenical communities? Name and describe three.

A
  • When Christians regardless of denomination come together to share worship and life.
    Examples:
  • Taize (France): Catholic and protestant friendship encouraged, was setup for Jews in 1940 escaping Nazis.
  • Ioana (Scotland): Works for social justice and peace, and a place of pilgrimage.
  • Corrymeela at Ballycastle (Northern Ireland): Encourages good relations between Protestants and Catholics.
116
Q

Churches Together Movement

A
  • Encourages churches to work together, and aims to strengthen the relationship between different denominations.
  • Helps those in need and fights injustice.
117
Q

Which denominations do not practise baptism at all? Why?

A
  • Evangelicals, Quakers and the Salvation Army, do not practice water baptism at all.
  • They think grace can be achieved with an inner believe of Jesus not outward acts.
118
Q

Quote for the Eucharist and Transubstantiation

A

“Unless you eat from the flesh of The Son Of Man and drink his blood you will have no life in yourselves.”

119
Q

Quote for baptism

A

“Go and make disciples… baptising them in the name of the Father, The Son, and The Holy Spirit.”

120
Q

What do the different colours represent?

A
  • White and gold are used for special celebrations, like Easter and Christmas.
  • Red (the colour of blood) is used on days when Christians recall the suffering and death of Jesus. It also recalls the coming of the holy spirit and is used on Pentecost and for Confirmation.
  • Green is used during ordinary days, when there are no events. it represents hope.
  • Violet/purple is used in Advent to remind Christians that it is a time of preparation for the coming of Christ. Worn during the season of penance, lent and renewal.
121
Q

Easter

A
  • Takes place at the end of holy week.
  • Used to remember the last week of Jesus’ life, and gain deeper understanding of the suffering, death and resurrection of Jesus.
  • In the 40 days leading to this, RC, Orthodox, and CoE Christians keep a period of 40 days known as lent.
  • Some use lent as a time of fasting, as Jesus fasted for 40 days in the desert after his baptism.
122
Q

Ash Wednesday

A
  • Churches have special Eucharist services on Ash Wednesday to mark the beginning of Lent.
  • These services include the sign of the cross marked on their forehead with ash.
  • The cross ashing is a visual reminder of the death and resurrection of Jesus.
123
Q

Palm Sunday

A
  • The Sunday marking the start of holy week.
  • Marks when Jesus rode into Jerusalem on a donkey and crowds waved palm branches.
  • The Church gives out small crosses made of palm leaves.
  • This reminds Christians of his death on the cross at the end of the same week, and the palms the people waved as Jesus entered Jerusalem.
124
Q

Maundy Thursday

A
  • Recalls the commandment that Jesus gave his disciples at the last supper, to love one another as he loved them.
  • It is a time for Christians to remember the last supper, and they wash their feet as Jesus washed his disciple’s feet.
  • It was during this meal Jesus established The Eucharist and predicted he would be betrayed by one of his disciples.
125
Q

Good Friday

A
  • Jesus’ Crucifixion is remembered on this day.
  • Special services are held to give people the chance to reflect on Jesus’ death.
  • It is so important as Jesus’ death is God’s greatest act of mercy toward humanity, as he redeemed the human race with the sacrifice of his own son.
126
Q

Walsingham

A
  • Small village in Norfolk, where in the 11th century a lady had a vision of Mary’s home in Nazareth.
  • The lady was told in her vision to build a house based on how it Mary’s was built in her vision.
  • The statue of virgin Mary was created for this shrine, also know as ‘Our Lady of Walsingham’.
  • Many miracles are claimed to have taken place at the shrine.
127
Q

Types of Prayer

A
  • Grace
  • Thanksgiving
  • Confession
  • Adoration
  • Praying in spirit
  • Mediation
128
Q

Describe the type of prayer Adoration

A
  • Prayers that focus on God’s character and adores him for who he is.
  • The bible speaks of God as being worthy of praise in this way.
129
Q

Describe the type of prayer confession

A
  • People bring before God anything sinful they have done or things they failed to do.
  • They ask for God’s forgiveness.
130
Q

Describe the type of prayer Intercessions

A
  • Intercession is prayer that pleads with God for your needs and the needs of others.
131
Q

Describe the type of prayer Thanksgiving

A
  • Christians believe that God has plans for them, so even in hard situations, they thank God.
  • Prayers of thanksgiving help Christians remain grateful for God’s provision in their lives.
132
Q

Describe the type of prayer Grace

A
  • Saying ‘grace’ is normally associated with the Christian practise of thanking God before a meal.

GCSE RS (2 decks)

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